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C ° BV 1 CONCRETE WORKER’S 
! REFERENCE BOOKS 


Concrete Wall Forms 


By A. A. HOUGHTON 

Author of "Concrete from Sand Molds,** "Ornamental 
Concrete Without Molds,** Etc. 



Being Number 1 of this Series 


The Norman W, Henley Publishing Company 

132 NASSAU STREET 
NEW YORK 























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Houghton’s Concrete Worker’s 

Reference Books 


POPULAR 50c. HAND BOOKS 

Concrete Wall Forms . . . . 

50c. 

Concrete Floors and Sidewalks 

50c. 

Practical Silo Construction 

50c. 

Molding- Concrete Chimneys, Slate and 


Roof Tiles ..... 

50c. 

Molding and Curing Ornamental Concrete 

50c. 

Concrete Monuments, Mausoleums and 


Burial Vaults ..... 

50c. 

Molding Concrete Bath Tubs, Aquariums 


and Natatoriums .... 

50c. 

Artistic Concrete Bridges 

50c. 

Constructing Concrete Porches 

50c. 

Molding Concrete Flower Pots, Boxes, 


Jardinieres, Etc. .... 

50c. 

Molding Concrete Fountains and Lawn 


Ornaments ..... 

50c. 

Concrete for the Farm and Shop 

50c. 

Houghton’s Other Practical Concrete Books 

Concrete from Sand Molds . 

$2.00 

Ornamental Concrete Without Molds . 

2.00 

A special circular of any of the books will be sent on request. 

Any of these books sent prepaid on receipt of the price. 

The Norman W. Henley Publishing Co. 

132 NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK 











CONCRETE 
WALL FORMS 


A PRACTICAL TREATISE 

EXPLANATORY OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF ALL TYPES OF WALL 
FORMS, CLAMPS, SEPARATORS AND SPACERS FOR REINFORCEMENT. 
FULL DETAILS AND WORKING DRAWINGS OF AN AUTOMATIC 
WALL CLAMP ARE GIVEN, WITH THE OPERATION OF SAME ON 
ALL STYLES OF WALLS. FOUNDATIONS, RETAINING WALLS, 
PLACING FLOOR JOINTS, MOLDING WATER TABLES AND WINDOW 
LEDGES, AS WELL AS MOLDING FIREPROOF WALLS AND PREPARING 
FOUNDATIONS FOR CONCRETE WALLS ARE ALSO FULLY TREATED 

< By 

A. A. HOUGHTON 

if 

Author of “ Concrete from Sand Molds,” “ Ornamental Concrete 
Without Melds,” Etc., Etc. 


“> *> 

* a 41 

Fully Illustrated by Original Drawings 


NEW YORK 

THE NORMAN W. HENLEY PUBLISHING CO. 
132 NASSAU STREET 
1914 



















I Hwsi 

\ S \4 


Copyrighted, 1914 and 1910, 

BY 

The Norman W. Henley Publishing Co. 



FEB 18 1914 

\fo 

©Cl. A li 6 90 21 

*- 0 / 



FOREWORD 


It is the purpose of the writer to present in this 
series of books a complete explanation of various 
successful methods of concrete construction that may 
be employed by the beginner as well as by the more 
experienced worker. I shall endeavor to give the 
details of molds and ideas that are not covered by 
patents, such as may be easily and cheaply con¬ 
structed; hence the reader is not compelled to pur¬ 
chase expensive patented molds before putting into 
practise the many successful types of concrete con¬ 
struction I have exhaustively described in this series. 
There is no practical value to the reader in explain¬ 
ing a patented system of construction, other than a 
few words on its merits, as the owners of same are 
always pleased to give this information; hence in 
going outside the beaten track of concrete authors 
and presenting ideas, systems, and molds that are 
practical, successful in operation, and, above all, 
easily and simply constructed, I trust that I have 
merited the sincere gratitude of all fellow workers 
in the concrete field who seek such information. 

Yours very truly, 

A. A. Houghton. 


3 






PREFACE 


With the increasing demand for monolithic con¬ 
crete walls, instead of block construction, this trea¬ 
tise will be of value to the worker who constructs 
the forms or centering for this work. The simple 
and effective method of bracing wood forms, as well 
as the many styles of easily made wall-clamps, sepa¬ 
rators, and wire ties, will save much expense of con¬ 
struction, as well as time when the regular clamps 
are not available. The automatic wall clamp, which 
is fully described and illustrated, solves the problem 
of easily building monolithic concrete walls, with a 
continuous air-chamber in same. This clamp is en¬ 
tirely unlike those on the market, and in many points 
is superior to those restricted by patents. The cost 
of this form of clamp is low, as it can be built by the 
worker or any blacksmith. It saves time in the work, 
as the simple raising of the form releases the cen¬ 
tering entirely from the concrete; and when again 
lowered, the form is automatically locked into posi¬ 
tion for filling. This clamp is adjustable for any 
width of wall desired, and is also of the greatest 
value in constructing circular walls or angles in the 
regular wall. The hopper, described for use with 


6 


PREFACE 


same, makes the rapid placing of the concrete a 
simple matter. 

The placing of door and window frames, project¬ 
ing ornaments, using plaster molds with wood forms, 
and the method of molding water-tables and window- 
ledges will also be of use to the worker in every-day 
construction. 

Among the many other valuable ideas illustrated, 
the easily placed spacer for reinforcing, economical 
system of constructing walls, joining sections of wall, 
molding concrete furring strips so as to perfect a 
fireproof wall, placing floor beams and joists, and the 
illustrations of the usual types of concrete retaining 
walls are worthy of mention. 

The writer has endeavored to explain every pa*rt 
of this subject in the plainest language, and from 
the view-point of the needs of the worker who wants 
ideas that can be employed without purchasing ex¬ 
pensive equipment, and which will give as good 
service. In this regard this book should be of the 
greatest value to every contractor and concrete 
worker. 


A. A. Houghton. 


TABLE OF CONTENTS 


PAGE 

Bracing Wall Forms.9 

Foundations for Walls .13 

Constructing Footing Courses.14 

Strength and Weight of Concrete.15 

Easily Made Clamps, Wire Ties, and Separators . . 17 

Use of Metal Forms for Concrete Walls .... 21 

Constructing an Automatic Clamp for Wall Forms . 24 

Operating and Adjusting Clamp to all Widths of 
Wall.28 

The Best Method of Placing Floor-Joists ... 33 

Placing Door and Window Frames and Marking Wall 
into Blocks.35 

Molding Window Ledge and Projecting Ornaments 
with Wall.37 

Spacer for Reinforcement.40 

Molding Concrete Furring Strips to Make a Fire¬ 
proof Wall.43 

An Economical System of Constructing Walls . . 45 

Joining Sections of Wall and Bonding Concrete with 
Acids.48 

Retaining Walls .. . . 52 


7 
















































«- 














































































1 





















CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


The construction of forms or centering in which 
the concrete is to be placed for molding any style of 
wall, requires some skill and forethought, otherwise 
there will be an unnecessary waste of material, or the 
forms will be lacking in rigidity, and as it may be 
noticed with many pieces of work, the forms have 
warped or spread, thus causing unsightly projections 
on the face of the molded work. 

With proper bracing a J " board is often ample as 
the material for the face of the centering; this has 
given even better results and a more perfect wall 
face than 2 " planks that were insecurely braced. The 
care of every worker should be to plan his centering 
so that the weight of the concrete and the pressure 
exerted by tamping cannot in any manner displace 
the molds or forms, yet to permit the easy placing of 
the concrete and access to every part of the wall for 
tamping, or puddling, if a slush mixture of concrete 
is used. To accomplish this result, requires much 
more than the often haphazard method of construct¬ 
ing forms for concrete walls of every class. 

BRACING WALL FORMS 

The form of brace shown at A (Fig. 1) makes a 
very strong and secure brace, and gives the greatest 
9 


10 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


rigidity to the centering with the least use of lumber. 
For walls of the usual size 2x4" lumber may be em¬ 
ployed in constructing this brace, as well as the up¬ 
right and horizontal pieces to same. When the hori¬ 
zontal strip is cut one-half the length of the upright 
strip, the size of same will permit its use on many 
jobs where a longer horizontal piece would be in the 
way of the workers. The brace may be morticed into 
the other two pieces, or spiked to same in the manner 
illustrated; or bolts may be used, the practice of cut¬ 
ting the brace on a miter and toe-nailing to the up¬ 
right and horizontal pieces is not to be recommended, 
as the nails usually split the wood and do not prevent 
it from giving or slipping when subjected to pressure. 

This form of brace is anchored to the ground with 
a stake driven at the end of the horizontal 2x4" 
piece; the weight of the concrete placed in bottom 
of form holds same rigidly against the stake in 
ground, and thus prevents the upper part of form 
£rom spreading when filled and tamped. 

Another style of this form of brace is shown at B 
(Fig. 1). This shows the adaptability of same to 
almost every class of wall form, as the braces permit 
the easy access to the footing courses of wall, for plac¬ 
ing and tamping the concrete; there is also a solid 
support to the upper form with the least possible 
use of lumber. By referring to the illustration at B 
(Fig. 1), the construction of this form of brace is 
easily understood, and can then be applied to nearly 
every type of wall to be constructed. 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


11 


Another advantage of this method of bracing is 
the easy removal of the forms or centering from the 
work; the drawing of the stake at end of the horizon¬ 
tal piece permits the forms to be drawn back away 
from the wall, without the danger of breakage, as 
where nails must be drawn out before the lumber 
can be released. 

BRACING ANGLES IN THE CENTERING 

The illustration at C (Fig. 1) shows a successful 
method of bracing angles in the centering, in addi¬ 
tion to the other form of brace explained. Thus in 
the molding of piers or a buttress in the wall the 
boards may be rigidly held at the corners, and yet be 
easily removed when the centering is to be removed. 
The employing of angle-irons, which are made of the 
ordinary strap-iron and drilled for screws, is fully 
shown in the illustration at C (Fig. 1); this is not 
only adaptable for the inside corners, but is applied 
as readily to the outside corners, using the same irons. 
The one-inch width of iron is the best to use, and this 
is cut 6" or 8" in length and bent at right angles, in 
the center. This permits enough of the iron to pro¬ 
ject on to each side of the corners to secure a good 
hold for the screws used to fasten same. In taking 
down the centering these screws are easily removed 
without injuring the concrete, an advantage not 
possible where nails are to be drawn. 



Fig. 1.—Braces and corners for wall forms. 








































CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


13 


FASTENING CORNERS WITH CLAMPS 

Another method of fastening corners is illustrated 
at D (Fig. 1). This permits the more rapid removal 
of the centering, but is not as secure a fastening 
as the method formerly explained. The two strips 
nailed upon each board at the corner, with one strip 
overlapping the outside board, are simply held with 
a clamp, and thus are quickly removed. A disadvan¬ 
tage of this method is the fact that the tightening 
of the clamp will often draw the two strips on ends 
of boards together, no matter how securely nailed; 
this can be remedied by inserting a beveled or tri¬ 
angular wedge between the two strips as the clamp 
is applied, thus preventing their being drawn out 
of position. 


FOUNDATIONS FOR WALLS 

In the construction of wall forms attention must 
be given to the load the wall must carry, so as to give 
it the necessary strength, the size and form of foot¬ 
ing, and the soil upon which this footing must rest; 
otherwise the best efforts in wall construction cannot 
be anything but a failure. 

The most secure foundation for a wall is of course 
one of rock, as the average crushing strength of our 
softest sandstone is 2,894 pounds per square inch, and 
from this varying to the highest crushing strength 
of granite, or 28,000 pounds, to the square inch, thus 
insuring that any properly embedded rock foundation 


14 CONCRETE WALL FORMS 

is ample to carry any load that is desired to place 
upon same. 

A gravel foundation is the next best in point 
of weight-bearing value; when place I so it cannot 
spread laterally, a well-bedded gravel foundation 
will carry a load of from 6,000 to 8,000 pounds per * 
square foot, and when this is very well cemented to¬ 
gether the load has been safely increased to 16,000 
pounds to the square foot. 

The safe load for soft clay foundations is from 
2,000 to 4,000 pounds to the square foot, and when 
this is well drained, so as to secure a foundation of 
dry clay, the load may be increased to 8,000 and 
10,000 pounds to the square foot. 

Where it is necessary to construct on a soft soil, 
as quicksand or mud, every effort should be given to 
making the foundation more dense by sinking piles 
or filling with a good rock ballast. Where the soil is 
in a semi-liquid state, the safe loading for such soils 
cannot be given at more than 500 to 1,000 pounds to 
the square foot. 

In planning the footing for your wall it should be 
remembered that the center of wall or point of pres¬ 
sure should be directly over the base of the footing, so 
as to distribute the wall load equally over the footing 
course. Where this is not possible the footing course 
must be reinforced so as to bring the downward pres¬ 
sure of loading over the upward pressure of the foot¬ 
ing. The footing course should also be of ample 
structural strength to distribute the load evenly over 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


15 


the solid foundation. In determining the width of 
the footing course the area of same must be such 
that the total load it must carry, divided by the area 
of the footing course, will not be greater than the 
allowable pressure per square foot on the soil or 
foundation, upon which the footing must rest. By 
employing these simple methods the width of foot¬ 
ing course is easily determined for any wall that you 
wish to erect, and your centering or forms built ac¬ 
cordingly will permit the work to be a success. 

The width of wall must also be determined by the 
load it must bear, and for safety should be in excess 
of any possible loading to be placed upon same; the 
average compressive strength of 1:2:4 concrete at 
40 to 60 days is used by many successful contractors 
as a safe-bearing load, and is from 2,000 to 2,300 
pounds per square inch; of 1: 2J: 5 concrete is from 
1,800 to 2,000 pounds per square inch, and a mixture 
of 1:3:6 concrete will give a compressive strength 
of 1,500 to 1,800 pounds to the square inch. The 
strength of course will vary according to the success 
attained in mixing and placing same, as well as in 
the temperature at the time of the curing of the 
work. 

The weight of a cubic foot of concrete varies from 
145 to 155 pounds, with an average weight of 150 
pounds, as the usual basis in estimating the weight 
of the wall. 

Where the load can be so placed that the compres¬ 
sive strength or ability of the wall to resist a down- 


16 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


ward pressure is all that need be considered, the 
design is more simple, but in event the load de¬ 
mands that the wall resist a lateral pressure or thrust, 
as with beams and joists, the average wall must be 
reinforced to bring the tensile strength of the con¬ 
crete up to more than equal the load. The ten¬ 
sile strength of concrete that has no reinforcement 
is usually estimated at one-tenth the compressive 
strength, thus requiring in almost all structures 
ample reinforcement to hold against the floor-load, 
as well as to increase the shearing strength to bear 
the loading safely. 

The shearing strength, or ability to withstand a 
cutting or sliding force, similar to when a bolt or 
rivet is tested for shear, is estimated at about one- 
half the compressive strength of the concrete without 
reinforcement; this should be increased by ample re¬ 
inforcing until there is no doubt of the strength of 
the wall to withstand any possible loading it must 
carry. 

The contractor should be able to correctly deter¬ 
mine these points, as in the construction of the wall 
forms it is very often necessary that the conditions 
demand a change in the original plans to meet with 
positive safety the various differences in foundation 
and loading that are found at the last moment. Con¬ 
crete is an ideal building material when properly 
handled, but it cannot be expected to accomplish a 
perfect success when it is not given a fair chance. 
The majority of failures can be directly traced to an 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


17 


imperfect knowledge of this material — “rule of 
thumb’ ’ guesses at proportioning, mixing, and the 
loads placed upon the work without regard to foun¬ 
dations or strength. 

EASILY MADE CLAMPS FOR WALL FORMS 

A number of easily constructed clamps for holding 
the centering are illustrated in Fig. 2; the simple 
board clamp shown at A (Fig. 2) is made by nailing 
six pieces of lumber together in the form shown, and 
then drawing up the centering to make a tight joint 
by using two wedges of hardwood, as illustrated at B 
(Fig. 2). This makes a very cheap, and for some 
work that does not require exactness, satisfactory 
means of clamping the forms together. 

CLAMPS FOR USE ON PIERS 

At C and D (Fig. 2) are shown two clamps for 
use on piers or columns, or any square forms that 
permit their use. The former is constructed by nail¬ 
ing a cleat at each end of a strip of lumber, that is 
enough longer than the width of centering to allow 
the strip placed at right angles to same and the cleat 
to go upon each end; the four strips are then assem¬ 
bled in the manner shown at C (Fig. 2), around the 
centering, and tightened with wood quoins or wedges 
driven between the centering and the wood strips of 
clamp. The clamp illustrated at D (Fig. 2) is made 
by connecting with two iron rods, threaded for nuts 
at each end, two notched strips of lumber, slightly 



Fig. 2.—Wall-clamps and separators. 































































CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


19 


longer than the centering is wide. This permits the 
clamp to go entirely around the centering and hold 
same securely from spreading with the pressure of 
placing and tamping of the concrete. 

AN EASILY MADE SUCCESSFUL CLAMP 

A very effective form of clamp is shown at E 
(Fig. 2). This may be made from a section of 1" 
iron gas-pipe. This is bent at one end in a half cir¬ 
cle, as illustrated; the opposite end is threaded, and 
a sliding standard made to slip over the pipe, and 
thus be pressed up against the centering on this side 
by simply tightening the nut on the threaded end of 
pipe. The advantage of this clamp is that it can be 
employed for very wide forms, as the cheapness of 
construction enables its use for such widths where 
it would be impossible to purchase a clamp of the 
right size for the purpose, also the fact that by 
threading the pipe for one-half its length or more 
the clamp permits of a very wide range of adjust¬ 
ment, making it doubly valuable to the contractor 
who is called upon to erect centering for many dif¬ 
ferent jobs. 

WIRE TIES 

Wire ties make a cheap method of holding the 
planks of centering in position. These may be em¬ 
ployed with or without separators, as shown at F 
(Fig. 2), where employed without something to hold 
the planks at the proper distance apart, the mortar 
must be placed against the sides of the planks first, 


20 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


to press them outward to the proper width, where 
they are held by the uprights around which the wire 
ties have been fastened. The wires must remain in¬ 
side the concrete, and are cut off close to the surface 
of the wall when forms are removed. 

MOLDING SEPARATOR OF CONCRETE 

The separator shown at G (Fig. 2) is molded of 
concrete in a square box form, through which two 
greased rods of i " iron have been placed. This per¬ 
mits these rods to be removed, leaving a space 
molded for placing the wires of tie or bolts as may 
be employed. As these are inserted after the sepa¬ 
rator is molded, they may be as easily removed from 
the finished wall, thus leaving no unsightly ends of 
wires on the surface. The separator, or small block 
of fully cured concrete, is placed between the planks 
in the manner shown at F (Fig. 2), and the wire ties 
or bolts passed through same and around or through 
uprights, thus holding the centering rigidly in posi¬ 
tion and permitting the planks to be placed upon each 
other as high as the wall is to be built. 

This form of construction is very useful where the 
walls are to receive a coat of plaster, which will cover 
up all ends of wire ties and the holes through the 
concrete where the wires or bolts were placed. 

The separators, before being used in the wall, 
should be brushed with a stiff wire brush, so as to re¬ 
move as much of the coating of cement on the sur¬ 
face as possible, and thus by exposing the aggregate 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


21 


secure a better bonding between separator and wall 
than would be possible if this was not done. 

WASTE IN USING WOOD FOR WALL FORMS 

In the employment of wood as a material for wall 
forms there is always a great amount of waste, as 
the lumber taken from one job will not work into 
another without cutting; hence, with every time the 
lumber is used more of it must be wasted to secure 
proper construction. This waste, in connection with 
the time and expense needed to construct wood cen¬ 
tering and remove it from the work, consumes a 
large portion of the profits in this part of the con¬ 
struction. 

ADVANTAGES OF USING ADJUSTABLE WALL 
FORMS 

Again, in consideration of the fact that the wood 
form is not available to mold with success anything 
but a plain wall, without air-chambers or spaces, it 
can be readily seen that for all work, wherever pos¬ 
sible to employ, the adjustable metal form will en¬ 
tirely supersede the use of wood as a material for 
wall forms. This, when of the right construction, 
enables the concrete to be placed in a fraction of the 
time required where a wood form must be used, then 
by being adjustable to all widths of wall the same 
form can be employed for every job; as well as erect¬ 
ing a superior type of wall with air-chambers, etc., 
not easily possible to secure with the old style cen¬ 
tering. 



Fig. 3.—Details of construction of adjustable wall-clamp and 
metal forms. 












































CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


23 


THE AUTOMATIC WALL-CLAMP 

The automatic clamp illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 
is very easily constructed from different widths of 
strap-iron, or patterns may be made and the parts 
molded in cast iron, as the contractor may choose; the 
saving of time and waste on one job being very 
nearly equal to the cost of constructing the number 
of clamps required. 

EASE OF OPERATION 

As will be noted by referring to the illustrations, 
the simple lifting of the forms draws upward the cen¬ 
ter bar of the clamp. This slides through the cross¬ 
bar that rests upon the top of centering and draws 
the two sides of core together, away from the wall, so 
they can be lifted without touching the concrete. 
The same action draws the two outside forms to¬ 
gether, at the top, as shown in Fig. 4, thus pressing 
the outside centering away from the outside of con¬ 
crete wall, so that when lifted the entire form is free 
from the wall at every point. 

When lowered again in position it is automatically 
locked, ready for filling with concrete in a moment’s 
time. 

The materials that may be used for the molding 
surface are varied. The best is the sheet metal of 
any strength that will not permit it to bend easily. 
This should be reinforced at even distances apart 
with light angle iron, riveted to same, to give it 


24 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


sufficient rigidity for the work. The placing of the 
clamps should vary from four to six feet apart, ac¬ 
cording to the rigidity of the centering used. Boards 
nailed together may also be employed as the material 
for the molding surface, with the clamps attached to 
same with screws or bolts. This makes a heavier 
form than where the sheet metal is employed, but 
works as successful, when the wood is treated so it 
will not warp under the continuous service such a 
form will have to withstand. 

CONSTRUCTION OF CLAMP 

The complete clamp is shown assembled in the 
center of the illustration at Fig. 3. The different 
parts are made in the following manner. At A (Fig. 
3) is shown the single and assembled parts of one of 
the upper bars that draw the outside molds away 
from wall. To make, two pieces of 1" strap-iron are 
cut 8" long, at one end of each one f" holes are 
drilled, and down the length of same i" holes are 
drilled 1" apart. The two pieces are bolted together, 
and by removing these bolts and sliding the two 
parts together the different widths of wall are partly 
secured. Four pieces, or two assembled parts, are 
made of this for each clamp. 

At B (Fig. 3) is shown the horizontal bar that 
rests on the centering and through which the central 
bar slides when form is lifted. Two pieces are cut 
for this 8" long, and these are bent in the center so 
when the two parts are placed together they form a 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


25 


bushing for the central bar to slide through. The 
two parts are riveted together upon each side of the 
bushing, and in the ends, outward from rivets, J" 
holes are bored to which the extensions are bolted. 
These are placed 1" apart to permit adjustment. 
Two bars are now cut 8 " long and finished with holes 
as specified for those at A (Fig. 3). These are bolted 
to the bushing on central rod, and also to the two 
uprights that carry the centering for outside of 
wall. 

In bolting the adjustable bars together it is im¬ 
portant that they are lapped sufficient, so that two 
bolts can be used, that the bar will be rigid and hold 
the centering properly in position. 

OUTSIDE CENTERING 

The construction of the outside centering or molds 
is shown in detail at C (Fig. 3). A length of 1" face 
angle-iron is cut 3' long and riveted to the center¬ 
ing, if sheet metal is used, or attached with screws or 
bolts if boards are employed. The width of the cen¬ 
tering is 24", thus allowing the angle-iron to project 
above same 12 ". At a point J " above the top of cen¬ 
tering, a slot is cut in the projecting face of the 
angle-iron to receive a §" bolt and allow same to 
easily slide the length of the slot, which is cut 2J" 
long and receives the bolts for the connecting-bar, 
just above centering. A |" hole is also drilled in the 
end of the angle-iron, on the same face as the slot is 
cut, as shown in illustration. 


26 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


CONSTRUCTION OF CORE 

The construction of the centering for core form is 
illustrated at D (Fig. 3). This is 24 " wide and across 
same a section of § ", or f " face, angle-iron is riveted. 
This is exactly 24" long, to equal the width of the 
centering. At a point 3 " from the end of each pro¬ 
jecting face of the angle-iron, a |" hole is drilled, to 
which the connecting-bars of collapsible core are to 
be bolted. 

These connecting-bars to collapsible core are 
shown at E (Fig. 3). At the left is shown the detail 
of bar. This is made 3" long, with the two centers 
of the §" holes drilled at each end of same, exactly 
2i " apart, if a core of 6 " in width is desired. Where 
the core is demanded to be 4" in width, when ex¬ 
tended, these connecting-bars should have the holes 
drilled li " apart, center to center. 

ASSEMBLING THE CONNECTING-BARS 

The method of assembling the connecting-bars to 
collapsible core is shown at the right of E (Fig. 3). 
Two of the bars are lapped on each side of the cen¬ 
tral bar and bolted to same with the one bolt, which 
should permit the bars to work freely upon same. 
The opposite ends of connecting-bars are bolted to 
each side of the projecting face of angle-iron, that 
carries the centering for core. The use of two bars 
on each side is advised, as it will secure a more rigid 
form, and as they must work freely on the bolts one 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


27 


bar would not hold the forms as successfully. Strap- 
iron, 1" wide, should be used for these connecting- 
bars. 

At F (Fig. 3) is shown the central bar of the 
clamp. This is made from 2" width of strap-iron 3', 
6" long, to one end of which a handle is riveted, or 
a ring attached if the forms are to be lifted with a 
derrick. 

At the opposite end of the bar a |" hole is drilled 
in same, exactly 3 " from the end. Exactly 18 " from 
this another |" hole is drilled. These are to be em¬ 
ployed in bolting the connecting-bars of core form to 
the central bar, as shown in the assembled clamp. 

At a line 4" above the last hole drilled, a short lug, 
or piece of strap-iron, is riveted to the side of the 
central bar. This rests against the bushing on cen¬ 
tral bar and prevents the core form from sliding 
down farther than the point at which it is fully ex¬ 
tended, an essential part of the construction, as other¬ 
wise the form would collapse in one direction as 
easily as in the manner desired. 

At a point 14" above the lug, or 18" from the cen¬ 
ter hole, another |" hole is drilled, to which the ad¬ 
justable bars for the top of clamp are bolted. 

At the bottom of the central bar a J" hole is 
drilled, and to this two bars of |" width of strap-iron 
are bolted. These are 4 " long and sharpened at one 
end to embed into the concrete wall on each side of 
the air-chamber, when the form is lowered into posi¬ 
tion for placing the concrete. This prevents the form 


28 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


from slipping down over the work just molded. Two 
light coil springs, attached to these bars and to the 
central bar, will hold them in position against the 
sides of wall and also permit them to fold together, 
when drawing the mold as shown at A (Fig. 4). 

OPERATING THE FORMS 

In Fig. 4, at the left, is shown the mold in the act 
of being lifted from the concrete wall. The core 
mold, or form, is collapsed and the outside centering 
drawn outward far enough to completely clear the 
wall, the slots in the outside angle-irons permitting 
the cross-bar, at top of centering, to slide upward so 
it will not interfere with the centering. 

The drawing at the left of Fig. 4 shows the mold 
lowered into position again, with the lug on sliding 
bar resting against the bushing on cross-bar and 
thus holding the form from slipping. The two bars 
at bottom of center bar embed into the wall that has 
been molded, and not only prevent the form from 
slipping down, but also hold up the collapsible core 
form, if it has any tendency to slip downward. 
Where uprights are erected plumb beside the wall, to 
be used as guides in raising and placing the forms, 
the forms may be raised to the top of wall and metal 
ties to join the two walls inserted under same, thus 
tying the walls at every course of two feet in height. 

The form may also be raised for a part of the 
height of centering, thus for instance lowering it so 
6" of the wall that has been molded projects above 



Fig. 4.—Operation and uses of adjustable wall-clamp. 

























































30 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


the bottom of forms. This makes less possible danger 
of the forms being displaced by careless handling of 
concrete. 

The centering may be any height you wish, by 
simply extending the length of the clamp in the pro¬ 
portions given. The height of centering should be 
planned with a view to easily raising and lowering 
same, which could not be done without a derrick if 
they were constructed too large. 

ADJUSTING THE CLAMPS 

The form of clamp shown permits the molding 
of two walls with a 6" air-chamber between same. 
These walls are adjustable to any thickness from 3" 
to 10", and it also permits one wall to be molded 6" 
in thickness and the other 3", or any adjustment in 
this regard you may desire. This gives a total thick¬ 
ness of wall, including the air-chamber, of from 12" 
to 26", as you may wish to adjust same. By employ¬ 
ing li" connecting rods or bars to the collapsible 
core form, the air-chamber can be made 4" wide, 
thus permitting a total wall of from 10" to 24" in 
width, including air-chamber, by this adjustment. 
The forms are very quickly and easily adjusted to any 
of the ordinary widths of hollow monolithic wall you 
wish to erect, in the manner previously explained. 

USE OF SHEET METAL FOR, CENTERING 

By employing the pressed sheet metal as a mold¬ 
ing surface for the outside centering, the walls can 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


31 


be finished in imitation of brick, or blocks of stone. 
The inside walls may be molded in ornamental de¬ 
signs, by employing the pressed steel ceiling plates 
as a molding surface. In this manner many ideas of 
the worker may be carried out to suit his wishes or 
the requirements of the job. 

The form permits any reinforcement to be placed 
that you may wish to employ in the wall, as it is 
always within easy access of the workers. 

BUILDING A HOPPER TO MAKE PLACING OF 
CONCRETE EASIER 

By cutting two boards to just fit between the wall- 
clamps, and joining these together at right angles so 
they will rest upon the core form, the concrete will 
be prevented from dropping down into the air-cham¬ 
ber. By extending the outside centering up 6" to 8" 
above the core, and also employing this board form, a 
hopper is made into which the buckets from the der¬ 
rick can be dumped with the assurance that the con¬ 
crete must fall into the position desired. This will 
be found a valuable time and labor saver on large 
construction work. 

BRACKETS FOR STAGING 

Where the forms are to be lifted with a derrick, 
the outside angle-irons may be made of 2" width of 
face; to these are bolted brackets, as shown by the 
dotted lines at A (Fig. 4), thus permitting staging 
boards to be laid upon these brackets, for the use of 


32 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


the workers in tamping and placing the concrete. 
To permit this the brackets must be placed on the 
inside of wall of building, and the forms extend en¬ 
tirely around the structure so the weight of the work¬ 
men will not displace the centering. Then, with 
metal ties between the two walls, every time the 
forms are raised, the centering may also replace the 
necessary staging, as the sections of centering are 
joined by bolts, when being filled, hence they are not 
easily displaced. 

The clamp may be easily adapted to the molding 
of any angle in the wall, also to circular forms, as 
towers, etc., by simply bending the sheet-metal cen¬ 
tering into a circular form, or to conform to the angle 
that it is desired to construct in the wall. As will be 
noted, the clamp is adjustable to all these require¬ 
ments, and will fill the needs of thousands of con¬ 
tractors who can employ an easily and cheaply con¬ 
structed clamp of this nature, of which there is 
nothing like it on the market to-day. As this is not 
patented, and the idea is original with the writer, it 
may be constructed by anyone. 

APPLIED TO CORE FORMS 

This principle can also be adapted to core forms 
for concrete blocks, concrete piers with hollow cores 
and chimneys. The simple manner of construction is 
shown at B (Fig. 4). To allow the four sides to be 
fastened to the one center-bar, a projecting lug must 
be fastened at top and bottom upon each side of the 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


33 


bar. These are drilled for the connecting-bars to be 
bolted to same, which are fastened to the inside 
boards or parts of core. The two slots cut in center 
bar, just below these lugs, are to permit the connect¬ 
ing-bars to be bolted to same for the two outside 
boards or sides of core. Thus when the center-bar is 
lifted with the handle, the two inside boards are 
drawn to the center of form or folded inward, as they 
are hinged in the middle to permit them to fold out 
of the way of the two outside boards. The slots in 
the center-bar allow the bolts through connecting-bars 
to drop to the bottom of slot, hence the lifting of the 
center-bar does not draw upon the outside boards 
until the center-boards have been folded inward out 
of the way, then the outside boards fold or collapse, 
thus allowing the form to be released from any core 
with the greatest of ease and rapidity. 

THE BEST METHOD OF PLACING FLOOR-JOISTS 

One of the best and easiest methods of placing 
floor-joists is shown in Fig. 5. This is easily ar¬ 
ranged with the adjustable wall forms just described. 

As shown in illustration, the forms for the inside 
wall are adjusted to mold a heavy inside wall. This 
is planned so at the point each floor is to be placed a 
step is arranged for the floor-joists to rest upon, and 
the inside wall diminished in thickness accordingly. 
This gives a greater strength than the use of hangers 
or the molding of a recess in wall, as a resting-place 
for the floor-joists or rafters, where the walls are 



Fig. 5.—Molding steps or hangers in wall for floor-joists. 
























CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


35 


to be constructed above the roof, as in factory or 
mill construction where a flat roof is employed. The 
easy adjustment of the wall-clamps makes it pos¬ 
sible to employ this form of construction without the 
necessity of reconstructing the forms, other than the 
simple adjustment of same for the new thickness of 
wall. 

The use of metal ties is also shown in Fig. 5. 
These are placed in the wall as fast as the forms are 
lifted, and make a very successful method of tying 
the two walls together. Any of the usual types of 
metal ties on the market can be employed with these 
adjustable wall forms, or the contractor may use 
short pieces of strap-iron, heavy wire, etc., that is 
bent at each end, to make a secure lock in the con¬ 
crete walls. 

PLACING OF DOOR AND WINDOW FRAMES 

An excellent method of placing door and window 
frames, as well as forms for arches, etc., inside the 
wall forms, is shown at A (Fig. 6). Two boards, or 
sections of the wall forms, are removed for the width 
of window, door, or arch, as illustrated, and a board 
placed upon each side of the opening, on outside of 
forms. The frame may now be set between the wall 
forms and held in position by clamps, adjusted in the 
manner illustrated. 

This permits the frame to be accurately placed 
and easily moved to get it perfectly plumb, as the 
clamps may be loosened slightly to permit the frame 



Fig. 6.—Placing door and window frames, and marking wall 
into blocks. 



























CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


37 


to be driven in any direction the adjustment de¬ 
mands, This is far more rapid and successful than 
when nails and screws are employed to hold the 
frame in position. 

MARKING WALL INTO BLOCKS 

The marking of the molded wall into blocks is 
often desired. This may be easily secured when the 
concrete is placed by nailing to the centering small 
triangular or bevel strips of wood, equal to the size 
of the lines you wish. These are divided into the 
size of the blocks you desire, in the manner shown at 
B (Fig. 6), and thus imprint into the concrete, as 
molded, the lines of the bevel strips, imitating mor¬ 
tar joints. 

MOLDING WINDOW-LEDGE WITH WALL 

It is often desirable to mold a window-ledge at 
the same time the wall is placed, hence the simple 
method shown at A (Fig. 7) will be found of interest. 

The centering is cut the width of ledge, at the 
point it is to be placed, and upon the outside of wall 
forms a strip is nailed, that is equal to the projection 
the ledge is to have when completed. At each end 
of this strip a small block is fastened, as illustrated, 
and a board fastened to the outside of these blocks 
and strip. This provides a projecting space for the 
placing of concrete, and may be adapted for the 
molding of water-tables, or any form of this type you 
may desire. 



Fig. 7. —Molding water-tables and window-ledges, wall orna¬ 
ments and spacing reinforcement. 
























CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


39 


USING PLASTER MOLDS WITH WALL FORMS 

At B (Fig. 7) is shown the method of employing 
the use of plaster molds in connection with wall 
forms, to mold any special ornament on the face of 
the wall. 

An opening is cut in the centering of the size of 
the plaster mold, and a box is attached to the wall 
form at this point, so as to permit the plaster mold to 
go inside same where it is held by two cleats nailed 
over the back of plaster. 

This permits the plaster mold to be removed in 
advance of the removal of the wall centering, so as to 
lessen the danger of breaking the plaster mold and 
also to allow the ornament to be pointed up, where 
any defects in molding occur. If this is done before 
the concrete in wall has set over twelve hours the 
mortar added in pointing will bond more securely to 
the face of ornament, and make the work of pointing 
same easier and more successful. 

MOLDING PROJECTING WALL ORNAMENTS 

At C (Fig. 7) is shown one design of projecting 
wall ornament, that is easily molded with the wall. 
The outline of the ornament is cut into the centering, 
or boards used for the wall form, then, by placing 
strips around the edge of this opening, as described 
for the window-ledge, any desired projection to the 
ornament may be secured. These strips are best 
fastened to centering with screws, so as to be the 


40 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


more easily removed from the forms. The face of 
ornament can be molded by a strip of sheet metal, of 
any kind, or a board fastened to the strips, around 
opening, with small screws. 

In this manner the ornament illustrated, and any 
bracket or similar projection may be molded with the 
wall, and thus by bonding with same make it a part 
of the wall. 

Another method is to mold the ornament separate, 
with a projecting body or “shoulder.” An opening 
is cut into the wall form to allow this shoulder to be 
inserted in same, at the point you wish ornament. 
As this extends into the wall the ornamentation is 
securely bonded. The placing of ornamental forms 
of concrete or of dressed stone may thus be made as 
simple as the use of same in any wall of masonry; 
thus enabling the contractor to construct walls that 
are monolithic entirely, and yet carry as much bas- 
relief work as may be desired. This is a departure 
from the plain surface that everyone associates with 
a concrete wall, which has been one of the objections 
to monolithic construction. 

SPACERS FOR REINFORCEMENT 

At D (Fig. 7) is shown a method of spacing rein¬ 
forcement in the wall forms. This may be applied 
with success to practically every type of reinforcing 
material in use to-day. 

Every worker knows that unless the spacers are 
placed on the reinforcement before the centering is 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


41 


in position, there is always more or less annoyance in 
placing same. To employ a wire for this purpose, 
and bending it in a loop around some part of the re¬ 
inforcement, requires that a light wire be employed, 
so it is sufficiently ductile to be easily bent. This is 
impossible to place only at the top of the forms, as 
the worker cannot have room for bending same but 
a few inches below the top edge of centering. 

By bending the wire in the form shown at D 
(Fig. 7), a clip is made that acts the same as a paper¬ 
clip or a clothes-pin on the reinforcement. All that is 
needful is to press it down over the reinforcing ma¬ 
terial to have it grip it tightly, and the wire project¬ 
ing at each end rests against the forms, and so holds 
the reinforcement in the exact position desired. 

This may be made of a heavy wire, as the bending 
can be done in a machine, thus avoiding the danger 
of the spacer bending and allowing the reinforce¬ 
ment to be displaced, as would happen with a lighter 
wire. 

This is also more quickly placed, as the work¬ 
men have only to press it down over the reinforce¬ 
ment at the proper intervals apart, to hold same ac¬ 
curately in position against a careless worker or the 
concrete placed in forms. This also enables the 
workmen to place the spacers upon reinforcement 
after the centering is in place, as they can attach 
same as far down as can be reached from the top of 
forms. 



wall. 


















CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


43 


MOLDING AN ABSOLUTELY FIRE-PROOF WALL 

While many contractors employ the practise of 
placing plaster finish directly upon the inside walls, 
where a double wall is constructed, yet the use of 
furring strips and the metal or wood lath nailed to 
same cannot but be the more satisfactory, as a sec¬ 
ond air-chamber is thus made that will serve to re¬ 
sist the cold and dampness, also the reinforcement 
of plaster with the metal lath makes it less liable to 
crack and insures a most durable plaster coat. 

Where wood furring strips are to be used, they 
may be either set into the mortar at the proper spa¬ 
cing apart, as the wall is constructed, or they may be 
attached to the wall by placing in the wall, when 
molded, wall plugs at the proper spacing, and to 
these nailing the wood furring strips which in turn 
carry the metal or wood lath as is used. The latter 
method is by far the best, as where the furring strips 
are set directly into the concrete the moisture will 
cause the wood to swell. Then, when this has re¬ 
sumed its normal state, the strips will be loose in the 
walk 

MOLDING CONCRETE FURRING STRIPS WITH 
THE WALL 

At Fig. 8 is shown a simple and easy manner of 
making an absolutely fireproof wall as well as secur¬ 
ing the advantages of the second air-chamber be¬ 
tween plaster coat and inside wall. The wall forms 



Fig. 9.—An economical system of constructing- foundation 
walls. 




















CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


45 


are constructed so as to mold a vertical projection of 
concrete of the size and projection you may wish for 
the furring. Into these projections wall plugs or 
shields are placed to receive the nails or staples to 
hold the wire lath or expanded metal lath in place. 
This makes it a very easy matter to place the lath 
and plaster coat without the bother of guarding 
against the furring strips swelling from moisture 
and insuring a wall that is not only durable but is 
absolutely sanitary and fireproof as well. 

The cost should be less than the use of separate 
strips for this work, as the material will be less ex¬ 
pensive and the labor in placing is less than to add 
the furring to the wall later, as with the present 
method. 

AN ECONOMICAL SYSTEM OF CONSTRUCTING 
WALLS 

A large saving in material and expense for forms 
may be effected by employing the system of wall 
construction illustrated in Fig. 9, which is adaptable 
for foundation walls and also such buildings as this 
type of construction permits its use. 

As will be noted, the piers are constructed first 
and the connecting or curtain walls molded between 
same. Thus with three or four forms for piers and 
curtain walls the work need not be stopped; for as 
fast as the work has hardened the forms can be re¬ 
moved and used again. The forms for piers are set at 
equal distances apart so that the curtain wall forms 


46 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


will fit between each one without changes. A groove 
or recess is also molded in each pier at the point the 
curtain wall will join same, so as to secure a tight 
joint. When desired, iron rods may be laid horizon¬ 
tally across the pier. The ends of these rods are 
bent up for a distance of four to five inches, and 
when the pier forms are removed and the forms for 
curtain wall in place, these rods can be straightened 
again, and thus embed into the new concrete placed 
and bond same securely with the pier. 

The piers are made strong enough to bear the en¬ 
tire weight of the structure with the load it will con¬ 
tain. Hence the curtain wall is only for the purpose 
of bracing the piers and filling in the space between 
same. This makes it possible to use curtain walls of 
6" in thickness on foundations, as the ground upon 
which piers are placed is excavated until a secure 
load-bearing soil is reached and the piers are able to 
bear the entire weight of building. 

The piers should be spaced six to eight feet apart, 
and this enables the contractor to build forms for 
his curtain walls that may be employed on many 
different jobs, as well as requiring but a few forms 
for the one job, by removing forms and setting up 
again between the piers as fast as the work has 
hardened. 

This makes a slight cost for lumber as well as a 
less expense in moving the forms from one job to 
another, without any material waste of lumber in 
building new forms each time. 


• fT. V-. «> u* 



Fig. 10.—Joining sections of walls together 





















48 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


The appearance of this form of wall is more pleas¬ 
ing than a plain straight wall, with its many advan¬ 
tages when placing a new foundation wall under an 
old building. In this case the piers may be con¬ 
structed, and when finished the building placed upon 
same, or the building blocked up to the level it is to 
occupy and the piers constructed up to that level. 
This permits all blocking to be removed, and a clear 
field left for the placing of the curtain walls, which 
may be of monolithic construction or brick, hollow 
concrete blocks, or of stone or rubble concrete, as 
may be desired. 

The water-table, as shown in Fig. 9, is easily 
molded of the thickness desired when the piers and 
curtain walls have become self-sustaining, and adds 
to the appearance of the walls by dividing it into 
panels, as well as aiding it in dividing the load of 
building between the piers. 

JOINING TWO SECTIONS OF WALL TOGETHER 

At Fig. 10 is shown two methods of joining sec¬ 
tions of wall together, so as to secure a good bond of 
the concrete. 

The method shown at A (Fig. 10) requires the 
forms to be constructed so as to mold a projection 
upon the end of each section of wall, as illustrated. 
This is further strengthened by placing iron rods as 
keys or projecting stays. These rods project so as 
to embed into the concrete of next section from 6 " to 
one foot, thus tying the two sections together. 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


49 


This form of joint makes a perfect protection 
against the shrinkage of the concrete in drying, as 
the projection upon one section of wall locks or pro¬ 
jects into the other, making a tight joint. In drying, 
concrete will shrink from A-" to i", depending upon 
whether a semi-moist or slush mixture is used, thus 
making this or a similar method of securing a tight 
joint necessary. 

The method shown at B (Fig. 10) is also of value, 
and is of use on foundation walls, retaining walls, or 
dam construction, where an absolutely wind-proof 
joint is not a necessity. The use of iron rods or pro¬ 
jecting keys are shown in illustration. These maybe 
bent upward, to lie along the end of wall form, when 
the concrete for first section is being placed, then 
bent down to a horizontal position when ready to 
place the second section of wall. Instead of a pro¬ 
jection a recess or panel is molded into the wall. 
This may be in the form shown in illustration, or may 
extend vertically the entire height of wall. This re¬ 
cess is very easily molded by attaching a wood strip 
of the right size to the inside surface of the forms, 
at the point desired. This may be square, oval, or 
triangular in shape, and by attaching to the forms 
.with screws may be thus easily removed when there 
is no need for its use. 

BONDING CONCRETE BY THE USE OF ACIDS 

Where the two methods above will not meet the 
requirements, or in case plaster is to be applied upon 


50 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


an old wall, the acid treatment will aid in securing a 
perfect bond. 

The wall is first thoroughly cleaned of all dirt and 
foreign matter, by scrubbing with water and a stiff 
broom. The commercial muriatic acid or hydrochloric 
acid is mixed with four parts of water and applied to 
the wall. It is often necessary to use several applica¬ 
tions of the acid, depending upon the age and condi¬ 
tion of the surface to which it is applied. The acid 
bath removes the thin coating of cement from the 
surface of the aggregate in wall, and at the same 
time cleans this surface so that the new concrete has 
every chance to bond to same. 

After the acid has been applied, and within a few 
moments, the wall should be thoroughly washed with 
clear water to remove all traces of the acid, and the 
dead particles it has etched from the surface. The 
acid will not injure the concrete^ as it cannot sink to 
a sufficient depth before it is neutralized by the bath 
of clear water, which entirely removes same. 

The surface of the wall should be thoroughly wet 
before the new concrete is applied, and where this is 
in a thin coating, as plaster, etc., the wall must be 
kept damp for a week at the least. This can be ac¬ 
complished while the concrete is green by hanging a 
wet blanket up against the wall; and when the mor¬ 
tar has hardened the wall may be wet down with a 
hose. By following this method the new concrete 
will bond as securely with the old as if both were 
mixed and placed at the one time. 



Fig. 11.—Diagram illustrating the natural slope of earth, or 

angle of repose. 










52 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


RETAINING WALLS 

The worker that builds wall forms should have a 
knowledge of the various forms of retaining walls, 
and the reasons for their construction. In construct¬ 
ing a retaining wall to rebut the pressure of earth as 
well as in designing same, attention must be given 
to the character of the material to be retained. 

Where any granular material is unconfined it 
spreads out to its natural slope or position. This is 
termed the angle of repose, or the position in which 
it will safely lie without any force to restrain it. 
This angle varies with the material and also with the 
amount of moisture in same. Thus with common 
earth the natural shape is an angle of about 40 de¬ 
grees, while with wet clay the angle is taken at 15 
degrees; and when this is dry, the natural shape is 
an angle of 45 degrees. Gravel has the same natural 
slope as common earth of 40 degrees, which varies 
according to the moisture in same. Where the ma¬ 
terial is a form of rock in its natural formation, the 
retaining wall need be but a face wall. 

The usual angle taken by engineers for all classes 
of earth is that formed by a prism which is 1', 6" 
horizontal to each 1' vertical measurement. This 
corresponds to an angle of 33 degrees 42 minutes, as 
shown by the illustration in Fig. 11. 

As illustrated at A (Fig. 11), the pressure upon 
the retaining wall comes entirely from the prism of 
earth shown by the dotted lines, hence the entire 



_ 

Fig. 12.—Retaining wall of rubble concrete, blocks or masonry, 












54 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


purpose of the wall is to retain that section of the 
earth. 

In proportioning the walls there is a great di¬ 
versity of practise, depending upon the type of wall 
and the material it is to retain. The usual practise is 
to have the base of wall from .3 to .5 of the height, 
the latter being the greatest required under any but 
the most unusual conditions. 

The foundations should be secure against the ac¬ 
tion of frost and the natural drainage of the earth 
back of wall should be provided for by tile laid 
back of wall or through same, so that there is no 
danger of the wall damming up the drainage of the 
soil. 

The back of wall next to the earth may be left 
rough, so as to increase the friction between the wall 
and the filling of earth behind same; also by coat¬ 
ing with some waterproofing material to prevent 
the water soaking into the wall, it will be greatly 
benefited. 

At Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 are illustrated some 
of the usual types of retaining walls with the propor¬ 
tions for same, which will be of value to the worker 
in constructing forms for various types of retaining 
walls. 

The wall shown at Fig. 12 is employed when the 
material is stone-masonry, concrete blocks, or rubble 
concrete. With a total height of 30' the base is 14' 
and the top of wall 24", thus giving a batter or slope 
to the wall of 6', or one foot batter to each five feet 


ts k 



Fig. 13.—Reinforced concrete retaining wall with vertical face 




















Fig. 14.—Plain concrete retaining wall 















riG. 15.—Batter faced, reinforced concrete retaining wall 














58 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


in height of wall. This makes an excellent type of 
wall that is very easily constructed. 

At Fig. 13 is illustrated a type of vertical face 
reinforced wall. This is usually constructed with 
wing walls at each 10' of its length. The total width 
of these wing walls is 10while the thickness of the 
main wall base is 3' when the height is 30The 
thickness of top is 15", with a reinforcement of two 
1" rods laid horizontal. These are connected with 
rods to six other 1" rods, laid horizontal in the con¬ 
crete of wall, as shown in illustration. 

The type of plain concrete wall shown at Fig. 14 
has a base of 11' in thickness, with the top 16" in 
thickness. The batter on the face is 3', 9", which is 
equal to one foot for each 8 feet of the height. Upon 
the earth side the wall rises vertical in three 8' 
steps, which are 6", 18", and 24" in width. The top 
is finished with a slant of 6' in height, as illustrated. 

The batter face reinforced concrete wall shown 
at Fig. 15 has a base of 10' in thickness with the top 
12" thick. The batter to face is 6', or 1 foot for each 
5 feet of the total height. The wall is reinforced 
with five 1" horizontal rods, and these are connected 
with vertical rods, as shown by the dotted lines in 
illustration. The upper portion of the wall is vertical 
on the earth side for 18', while the lower 12' of wall 
has a batter of 3' on this side. 

The reinforced concrete wall shown in Fig. 16 is 
constructed with a counter-fort or wing wall for each 
10' of its length. The thickness of this wing wall at 



f~~v ■,, / / // / > '///.-' 
■ f X'/ "r ' ''// Z 

mz;Z '-Z 

kkJm,/ y/ // // /, / / / 

y/s'fr"''/'. 

\''/'////'//, > 
. //// 4 V/ / / 

7/^ " V. 
ivV; v >' 

\ v / 7/ 

^ / ^/'////; 

i^/// /// 



\ 1 y // ' 

X ///V/ 



\ * / / v / 

V*/ 

\AijU./'L£ h 



Fig. 16.—Reinforced concrete wall with wing walls. 

















60 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS 


base is 9', 6", while the thickness of the base of 
main wall is 2', 6". The width of wall at top is 14", 
for a wall 30 feet in height. The batter of the face 
is 3', or equal to one foot for each 10 feet of the 
height. The concrete is reinforced with five rods 
laid horizontal. These are 1" in diameter, and are 
connected by 1" rods in the manner shown by dotted 
lines in illustration. 

The details shown in the last five illustrations will 
be of value to the concrete worker who is called upon 
to erect forms for a retaining wall, as well as in 
erecting such walk. 


INDEX 


PAGE 

Adapting clamp to mold angles in wall. 32 

Advantages of metal forms. 21 

Anchoring wall braces. 10 

Angle irons, how made... 11 

Angles, how to brace. 11 

Automatic clamp... 22 

adjusting the clamp. 30 

assembling the core. 26 

construction. 24 

construction of centering. 25 

height of centering.25, 26 

how clamp is automatically locked in place... 28 

materials for molding surface. 30 

operation of clamp. 28 

using metal ties with clamp... 28-35 

Batter face retaining wall.57, 58 

Bracing wood forms. 9, 10 

Brackets for staging, attached to clamp.29-31 

Buttress, forms for. 11 

Circular walls, how molded with clamp. 32 

Clamps. 18 

adjustable clamp. 19 

for piers or columns. 17 

Collapsible core for block and chimneys.32, 33 

Compressive strength of concrete. 15 

Concrete furring strips. 43-45 

Corners, how fastened with clamps. 13 

Disadvantages of using wood for wall forms. 21 

Door and window frames, how placed in wall.35, 36 

Economical system of constructing walls.44, 45, 46 

Fireproof wall, how molded.42, 43 

Floor-joists, now placed in wall.33, 34 

Footing course, how laid.14, 15 

Foundation walls with piers. 48 

Foundations for retaining walls. 54 

61 




































62 


INDEX 


PAGE 

Hopper for filling wall forms. 31 

How to mold and employ separators. 20 

How to use acids to secure bonding. 50 

Joining two sections of wall.47, 48, 49 

Joint for light walls. 48 

Joint for use with large walls. 49 

Loading for foundations. .13, 14 

Loading of walls. 13 

Marking walls into blocks, etc. 37 

Masonry type of retaining wall.53, 54 

Metal ties, use in walls. 35 

Molding projecting wall ornaments. 39 

Natural slope of earth..51, 52 

Piers. 11-46 

Plain concrete retaining wall. 56-58 

Plaster molds, how used with wall forms. 39 

Pressure on retaining wall. 52 

Proportioning retaining walls. 54 

Reinforced concrete retaining wall, with counterfort.... 59, 60 
Retaining walls. 52 

Safe loading for foundations.13, 14 

Saving lumber in form construction. 46 

Separator to use with wire ties. 20 

Setting ornaments in wall forms. 40 

Shearing strength of concrete. 16 

Sheet metal as centering. 30 

Shrinkage of concrete. •. . 49 

Spacer for reinforcement. 38-40 

how made. 41 

placing. 38-41 

Tensile strength of concrete. 16 

Use of acids to secure bonding.49, 50 

Vertical face, reinforced, retaining wall.. 55-58 

Water-table, how molded. 44-48 

Weight of concrete. 15 

Window-ledge, how molded.37, 38 

Wire ties for forms. 19 







































PRACTICAL SCIENTIFIC 
TECHNICAL 


EACH BOOK IN THIS CATALOGUE IS WRITTEN BY 
AN EXPERT AND IS WRITTEN SO YOU 
CAN UNDERSTAND IT 


THE NORMAN W. HENLEY PUBLISHING COMPANY 

Publishers of Scientific and Practical Books 
132 Nassau Street New York, U. S. A. 


Any book in this Catalogue sent prepaid on receipt of price . 


















SUBJECT INDEX 


PAGE 

Accidents. 18 

Air Brakes.17, 19 

Arithmetics. 20 

Automobiles. 3 

Balloons ,. 3 

Bevel Gears. 14 

Boilers. 22 

Brazing. 3 

Cams. 15 

Car Charts. 4 

Change Gear. 14 

Charts.. . .3, 4, 22 

Chemistry. 23 

Coal Mining. 23 

Coke. 4 

Compressed Air. 5 

Concrete. 5 

Cyclopedia.4, 20 

Dictionaries. 7 

Dies. 7 

Drawing.8, 24 

Drop Forging. 7 

Dynamo.9, 10, 11 

Electricity.9, 10, 11, 12 

Engines and Boilers. 22 

Factory Management. 12 

Flying Machines..,. 3 

Fuel..... 13 

Gas Manufacturing. 14 

Gas Engines.13, 14 

Gears. 14 

Heating, Electric. . 9 

Hot Water Heating. 27 

Horse-Power Chart. 4 

Hydraulics. 15 

Ice Making. 15 

India Rubber. 25 

Interchangeable Manufacturing. 20 

Inventions. 15 

Knots. 15 

Lathe Work. 16 

Lighting (Electric). 9 

Link Motion. 17 

Liquid Air. 16 

Locomotive Boilers. 18 

Locomotive Engineering.17, 18, 19 

Machinist’s Books.20, 21, 22 


PAGE 

Manual Training. 22 

Marine Engines. 22 

Marine Steam Turbines. 29 

Mechanical Movements.20, 21 

Metal Turning... 16 

Milling Machines. 21 

Mining.22, 23 

Oil Engines. 13 

Patents. 15 

Pattern Making. 23 

Perfumery. 23 

Pipes... 28 

Plumbing. 24 

Producer Gas. 13 

Punches. 7 

Railroad Accidents. 18 

Receipt Book.23, 25 

Refrigeration. 15 

Rope Work. 15 

Rubber Stamps. 25 

Saws. 26 

Sheet Metal Working. 7 

Shop Tools. 21 

Shop Construction. 20 

Shop Management. 20 

Sketching Paper. 8 

Smoke Prevention. 13 

Soldering..’. 3 

Splices. 15 

Steam Engineering.26, 27 

Steam Heating. 27 

Steam Pipes. 28 

Steel. 28 

Superheated Steam. 17 

Switchboards. 9, 11 

Tapers. 16 

Telephone. 12 

Threads. 22 

Tools. 20, 22 

Turbines. 29 

Ventilation. 27 

Valve Gear. 19 

Valve Setting. 17 

Walschaert Valve Gear. 19 

Watchmaking. 29 

Wiring.9, 11, 12 

Wireless Telephones and Telegraphy.... 12 


ANY OF THESE BOOKS PROMPTLY SENT PREPAID TO ANY ADDRESS IN 
THE WORLD ON RECEIPT OF PRICE. 

to Remit . —-By Postal Money Order, Express Money Order, Bank Draft 
or Registered Letter. 


a 






































































































CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


AUTOMOBILE 


THE MODERN GASOLINE AUTOMOBILE—ITS DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, 
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR. By Victor W. Page, M. E. 

The latest and most complete treatise on the Gasoline Automobile ever issued. Written 
in simple language by a recognized authority, familiar with every branch of the automobile 
industry. Free from technical terms. Everything is explained so simply that anyone of 
average intelligence may gain a comprehensive knowledge of the gasoline automobile. 
The information is up-to-date and includes, in addition to an exposition of principles of 
construction and description of all types of automobiles and their components, valuable 
money-saving hints on the care and operation of motor cars propelled by internal combus¬ 
tion engines. Among some of the subjects treated might be mentioned: Torpedo and other 
symmetrical body forms designed to reduce air resistance; sleeve valve, rotary valve and 
other types of silent motors; increasing tendency to favor worm-gear power-transmission; 
universal application of magneto ignition; development of automobile electric-lighting 
systems; block motors; underslung chassis; application of practical self-starters; long stroke 
and offset cylinder motors; latest automatic lubrication systems; silent chains for valve 
operation and change-speed gearing; the use of front wheel brakes and many other detail 
refinements. 

By a careful study of the pages of this book one can gain practical knowledge of automobile 
construction that will save time, money and worry. The book tells you just what to do, how 
and when to do it. Nothing has been omitted, no detail has been slighted. Every part of 
the automobile, its equipment, accessories, tools, supplies, spare parts necessary, etc., have 
been discussed comprehensively. If you are or intend to become a motorist, or are in 
any way interested in the modern Gasoline Automobile, this is a book ypu cannot afford to 
be without. Nearly 600 6x9 pages—and more than 500 new and specially made detail il¬ 
lustrations. as well as many full page and double page plates, showing all parts of the 
automobile. Including nine large folding plates. Price. $2.50 

BALLOONS AND FLYING MACHINES 

MODEL BALLOONS AND FLYING MACHINES. WITH A SHORT ACCOUNT OF 
THE PROGRESS OF AVIATION. By J. H. Alexander. 

This book has been written with a view to assist those who desire to construct a model airship 
or flying machine. It contains five folding plates of working drawings, each sheet containing 
a different sized machine. Much instruction and amusement can be obtained from the making 
and flying of these models. , . , , . . . 

A short account of the progress of aviation is included, which will render the book of greater 
interest. Several illustrations of full sized airship and flying machines of the latest types are 
scattered throughout the text. This practical work gives data, working drawings, and details 
which will assist materially those interested in the problems of flight. 127 pages, 45 illustra¬ 
tions, 5 folding plates. Price.$ 1.5U 

BRAZING AND SOLDERING 


BRAZING AND SOLDERING. By James F. Hobart. 

The only book that shows you just how to handle any job of brazing or soldering that comes 
along; tells you what mixture to use, how to make a furnace if you need one. huff ot 
valuable kinks. The fifth edition of this book has just been published, and to it much 
new matter and a large number of tested formulas for all kinds of solders and flux© 8 have 

been added. Illustrated. cents 


CHARTS 


MODERN SUBMARINE CHART—WITH 200 PARTS NUMBERED AND NAMED. 

A cross-section view, showing clearly and distinctly all the interior of a Submarine of the 
latest type. You get more information from this chart, about the construction and opera¬ 
tion of a Submarine, than in any other way. No details omitted—everything is accurate 
and to scale. It is absolutely correct in every detail, having been approved by Naval 
Engineers. All the machinery and devices fitted in a modern Submarine Boat are shown, and 
to make the engraving more readily understood all the features are shown m operative form, 
with Officers and Men in the act of performing the duties assigned to them in s |™ce cor }: 
ditions. This CHART IS REALLY AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF A SUBMARINE. It 
is educational and worth many times its cost. Mailed m a Tube for.25 cents 


3 

















CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


BOX CAR CHART. 

A chart showing the anatomy of a box car, having every part of the car numbered and its 
proper name given in a reference list. 20 cents 

GONDOLA CAR CHART. 

A chart showing the anatomy of a gondola car, having every part of the car numbered and 
its proper reference name given in a reference list. 20 cents 

PASSENGER CAR CHART. 

A chart showing the anatomy of a passenger car, having every part of the car numbered and 
its proper name given in a reference list. 20 cents 

WESTINGHOUSE AIR-BRAKE CHARTS. 

Chart I.—Shows (in colors) the most modern Westinghouse High Speed and Signal Equip¬ 
ment used on Passenger Engines, Passenger Engine Tenders, and Passenger Cars. Chart 
II.—Shows (in colors) the Standard Westinghouse Equipment for Freight and Switch En¬ 
gines, Freight and Switch Engine Tenders, and Freight Cars. Price for the set . 50 cents 

TRACTIVE POWER CHART. 

A chart whereby you can find the tractive power or drawbar pull of any locomotive, without 
making a figure. Shows what cylinders are equal, how driving wheels and steam pressure 
affect the power. What sized engine you need to exert a given drawbar pull or anything 
you desire in this line. 50 cents 

HORSE POWER CHART. 

Shows the horse power of any stationary engine without calculation. No matter what the 
cylinder diameter of stroke; the steam pressure or cut-off; the revolutions, or whether con¬ 
densing or non-condensing, it’s all there. Easy to use, accurate, and saves time and calcu¬ 
lations. Especially useful to engineers and designers. ... 50 cents 

BOILER ROOM CHART. By Geo. L. Fowler. 

A Chart—size 14 x 28 inches—showing in isometric perspective the mechanisms belonging 
in a modern boiler room. Water tube boilers, ordinary grates and mechanical stokers, feed 
water heaters and pumps comprise the equipment. The various parts are shown broken or 
removed, so that the internal construction is fully illustrated. Each part is given a reference 
number, and these, with the corresponding name, are given in a glossary printed at the sides. 
This chart is really a dictionary of the boiler room—the names of more than 200 parts being 
given. It is educational—worth many times its cost. 25 cents 

CIVIL ENGINEERING 


HENLEY’S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL ENGINEERING AND ALLIED 
TRADES. Edited by Joseph G. Horner, A. M. I. E. M. 

This set of five volumes contains about 2,500 pages with thousands of illustrations, including 
diagrammatic and sectional drawings with full explanatory details. This work covers the 
entire practice of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. The best known experts in all branches 
of engineering have contributed to these volumes. The Cyclopedia is admirably well adapted 
to the needs of the beginner and the self-taught practical man, as well as the mechanical en¬ 
gineer, designer, draftsman, shop superintendent, foreman, and machinist. The work will be 
found a means of advancement to any progressive man. It is encyclopedic in scope, thorough 
and practical in its treatment of technical subjects, simple and clear in its descriptive matter, 
and without unnecessary technicalities or formulae. The articles are as brief as may be and 
yet give a reasonably clear and explicit statement of the subject, and are written by men who 
have had ample practical experience in the matters of which they write. It tells you all you 
want to know about engineering and tells it so simply, so clearly, so concisely, that one cannot 
help but understand. As a work of reference it is without a peer. $6.00 per single volume. 
For complete set of five volumes, price ... .$25.00 


COKE 


COKE—MODERN COKING PRACTICE; INCLUDING THE ANALYSIS OF 
MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS. By T. H. Byrom and J. E. Christopher. 

A handbook for those engaged in Coke manufacture and the recovery of By-products. Fully 
illustrated with folding plates. It has been the aim of the authors, in preparing this book, 
to produce one which shall be of use and benefit to those who are associated with, or inter¬ 
ested in, the modern developments of the industry. Contents: I. Introductory, II. Gen- 


4 















CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


eral Classification of Fuels. III. Coal Washing. IV. The Sampling and Valuation of Coal, 
Coke, etc. V. The Calorific Power of Coal and Coke. VI. Coke Ovens. VII. Coke Ovens, 
continued. VIII. Coke Ovens, continued. IX. Charging and Discharging of Coke Ovens, 
X. Cooling and Condensing Plant. XI. Gas Exhausters. XII. Composition and Analysis 
of Ammoniacal Liquor. XIII. Working-up of Ammoniacal Liquor. XIV. Treatment of 
Waste Gases from Sulphate Plants. XV. Valuation of Ammonium Sulphate. XVI. Direct 
Recovery of Ammonia from Coke Oven Gases. XVII. Surplus Gas from Coke Oven. Use¬ 
ful Tables. Very fully illustrated. Price.$3.50 net 

COMPRESSED AIR 


COMPRESSED AIR IN ALL ITS APPLICATIONS. By Gardner D. Hiscox. 

This is the most complete book on the subject of Air that has ever been issued, and its thirty- 
five chapters include about every phase of the subject one can think of. It may be called an 
encyclopedia of compressed air. It is written by an expert, who, in its 665 pages, has dealt 
with the subject in a comprehensive manner, no phase of it being omitted. Includes the 
physical properties of air from a vacuum to its highest pressure, its thermodynamics, com¬ 
pression, transmission and uses as a motive power; in the Operation of Stationary and Port¬ 
able Machinery, in Mining, Air Tools, Air Lifts, Pumping of Water, Acids, and Oils; the 
Air Blast for Cleaning and Painting, the Sand Blast and its Work, and the Numerous Appli¬ 
ances in which Compressed Air is a Most Convenient and Economical Transmitter of Power 
for Mechanical Work, Railway Propulsion, Refrigeration, and the Various Uses to which 
Compressed Air has been applied. Includes forty-four tables of the physical properties of 
air, its compression, expansion, and volumes required for various kinds of work, and a list of 
patents on compressed air from 1875 to date. Over 500 illustrations, 5th Edition, revised and 
enlarged. Cloth bound, $5.00. Half Morocco, price. $6.50 

CONCRETE 


ORNAMENTAL CONCRETE WITHOUT MOLDS. By A. A. Houghton. 

The process for making ornamental concrete without molds has long been held as a secret, and 
now, for the first time, this process is given to the public. The book reveals the secret and is 
the only book published which explains a simple, practical method whereby the concrete worker 
is enabled, by employing wood and metal templates of different designs, to mold or model in 
concrete any Cornice, Archivolt, Column, Pedestal, Base Cap, Urn or Pier in a monolithic 
form—right upon the job. These may be molded in units or blocks, and then built up to suit the 
specifications demanded. This work is fully illustrated, with detailed engravings. Price $2.00 


CONCRETE FROM SAND MOLDS. By A. A. Houghton. 

A Practical Work treating on a process which has heretofore been held as a trade secret by 
the few who possessed it, and which will successfully mold every and any class of ornamental 
concrete work. The process of molding concrete with sand molds is of the utmost practical 
value, possessing the manifold advantages of a low cost of molds, the ease and rapidity of 
operation, perfect details to all ornamental designs, density, and increased strength of the 
concrete, perfect curing of the work without attention and the easy removal of the molds re¬ 
gardless of any undercutting the design may have. 192 pages. Fully illustrated. Price $2.00 


CONCRETE WALL FORMS. By A. A. Houghton. 

A new automatic wall clamp is illustrated with working drawings. Other types of wall 
forms, clamps, separators, etc., are also illustrated and explained. 50 cents 


CONCRETE FLOORS AND SIDEWALKS. By A. A. Houghton. 

The molds for molding squares, hexagonal and many other styles of mosaic floor and side¬ 
walk blocks are fully illustrated and explained. 50 cents 


PRACTICAL CONCRETE SILO CONSTRUCTION. By A. A. Houghton. 
Complete working drawings and specifications are given for several styles of concrete silos, 
with illustrations of molds for monolithic and block silos. The tables, data and information 
presented in this book are of the utmost value in planning and constructing all forms of concrete 
silos.. .... 50 cents 

MOLDING CONCRETE CHIMNEYS, SLATE AND ROOF TILES. By 

A. A. Houghton. 

The manufacture of all types of concrete slate and roof tile is fully treated. Valuable data 
on all forms of reinforced concrete roofs are contained within its pages. The construction of 
concrete chimneys by block and monolithic systems is fully illustrated and described. A 
number of ornamental designs of chimney construction with molds are shown in this valu¬ 
able treatise.• • . . .... 60 cent* 


5 















CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


MOLDING AND CURING ORNAMENTAL CONCRETE. By A. A. Houghton. 

The proper proportions of cement and aggregates for various finishes, also the methods of 
thoroughly mixing and placing in the molds, are fully treated. An exhaustive treatise on this 
subject that every concrete worker will find of daily use and value .50 cents 

CONCRETE MONUMENTS, MAUSOLEUMS AND BURIAL VAULTS. By A. A. 

Houghton. 

The molding of concrete monuments to imitate the most expensive cut stone is explained in 
this treatise, with working drawings of easily built molds. Cutting inscriptions and designs 
is also fully treated. .50 cents 

MOLDING CONCRETE BATH TUBS, AQUARIUMS AND NATATORIUMS. 

By A. A. Houghton. 

Simple molds and instruction are given for molding many styles of concrete bath tubs, 
swimming pools, etc. These molds are easily built and permit rapid and successful 
work. 50 cents 

CONCRETE BRIDGES, CULVERTS AND SEWERS. By A. A. Houghton. 

A number of ornamental concrete bridges with illustrations of molds are given. A collapsible 
center or core for bridges, culverts and sewers is fully illustrated with detailed instructions for 
building . . » ... 50 cents 

CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE PORCHES. By A. A. Houghton. 

A number of designs with working drawings of molds are fully explained so any one can easily 
construct different styles of ornamental concrete porches without the purchase of expensive 
molds. . . ’ . 50 cents 

MOLDING CONCRETE FLOWER POTS, BOXES, JARDINIERES, ETC. By 

A. A. Houghton. 

The molds for producing many original designs of flower pots, urns, flower boxes, jardinieres, 
etc., are fully illustrated and explained, so the worker can easily construct and operate 
same. 50 cents 

MOLDING CONCRETE FOUNTAINS AND LAWN ORNAMENTS. By 

A. A. Houghton. 

The molding of a number of designs of lawn seats, curbing, hitching posts, pergolas, sun dials 
and other forms of ornamental concrete for the ornamentation of lawns and gardens, ia 
fully illustrated and described. 50 cents 

CONCRETE FOR THE FARM AND SHOP. By A. A. Houghton. 

The molding of drain tile, tanks, cisterns, fence posts, stable floors, hog and poultry houses 
and all the purposes for which concrete is an invaluable aid to the farmer are numbered 
among the contents of this handy volume. . . 50 cents 

POPULAR HANDBOOK FOR CEMENT AND CONCRETE USERS. By Myron 
H. Lewis, 

This is a concise treatise of the principles and methods employed in the manufacture and use 
of cement in all classes of modern works. The author has brought together in this work all 
the salient matter of interest to the user of concrete and its many diversified products. The 
matter is presented in logical and systematic order, clearly written, fully illustrated and free 
from involved mathematics. Everything of value to the concrete user is given including kinds 
of cement employed in construction, concrete architecture, inspection and testing, water¬ 
proofing. coloring and painting, rules, tables, working, and cost data. The book comprises 
thirty-three chapters, as follows: 

Introductory. Kinds of Cements and How They are Made. Properties, Testing and 
Requirements of Hydraulic Cement. Concrete and its Properties. Sand, Broken Stone and 
Gravel for Concrete. How to Proportion the Materials. How to Mix and Place Concrete. 
Forms for Concrete Construction. The Architectural and Artistic Possibilities of Concrete. 
Concrete Residences. Mortars, Plasters and Stucco and How to Use Them. The Artistic 
Treatment of Concrete Surfaces. Concrete Building Blocks. The Making of Ornamental 
Concrete. Concrete Pipes, Fences, Posts, Etc. Essential Features and Advantages of Reen¬ 
forced Concrete. How to Design Reenforced Concrete Beams, Slabs and Columns. Ex¬ 
planations of the Methods and Principles in Designing Reenforced Concrete Beams and 
Slabs. Systems of Reenforcement Employed. Reenforced Concrete in Factory and General 













CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


Building Construction. Concrete in Foundation Work. Concrete Retaining Walls, Abut¬ 
ments, and Bulkheads. Concrete Arches and Arch Bridges. Concrete Beam and Girder 
Bridges. Concrete in Sewerage and Drainage Works. Concrete Tanks, Dams and Reser¬ 
voirs. Concrete Sidewalks, Curbs and Pavements. Concrete in Railroad Constructions. 
The Utility of Concrete on the Farm. The Waterproofing of Concrete Structure. Grout 
or Liquid Concrete and Its Use. Inspection of Concrete Work. Cost of Concrete Work. 
Some of the special features of the book are: 1. The Attention Paid to the Artistic and 
Architectural Side of Concrete Work. 2. The Authoritative Treatment of the Problem 
of Waterproofing Concrete. 3. An Excellent Summary of the Rules to be Followed in 
Concrete Construction. 4. The Valuable Cost Data and Useful Tables given. A valuable 
Addition to the Library of Every Cement and Concrete User. Price. $2.50 

WATERPROOFING CONCRETE. By Myron H. Lewis. 

Modern Methods of Waterproofing Concrete and Other Structures. A condensed statement 
of the Principles, Rules, and Precautions to be Observed in Waterproofing and Damp- 
proofing Structures and Structural Materials. Paper binding. Illustrated. Price. .50 cents 


DICTIONARIES 


STANDARD ELECTRICAL DICTIONARY. By T. O’Conor Sloane. 

An indispensable work to all interested in electrical science. Suitable alike for the student 
and professional. A practical hand-book of reference containing definitions of about 5,000 
distinct words, terms and phrases. The definitions are terse and concise and include every 
term used in electrical science. Recently issued. An entirely new edition. Should be in 
the possession of all who desire to keep abreast with the progress of this branch of science. 
Complete, concise and convenient. 682 pages, 393 illustrations. Price .... $3.00 

DIES—METAL WORK 


DIES: THEIR CONSTRUCTION AND USE FOR THE MODERN WORKING OF 
SHEET METALS. By J. V. Woodworth. 

A most useful book, and one which should be in the hands of all engaged in the press working 
of metals; treating on the Designing, Constructing, and Use of Tools, Fixtures and Devices, 
together with the manner in which they should be used in the Power Press, for the cheap and 
rapid production of the great variety of sheet metal articles now in use. It is designed as a 
guide to the production of sheet metal parts at the minimum of cost with the maximum of 
output. The hardening and tempering of Press tools and the classes of work which may be 
produced to the best advantage by the use of dies in the power press are fully treated. Its 
505 illustrations show dies, press fixtures and sheet metal working devices, the descriptions 
of which are so clear and practical that all metal-working mechanics will be able to understand 
how to design, construct and use them. Many of the dies and press fixtures treated were 
either constructed by the author or under his supervision. Others were built by skilful 
mechanics and are in use in large sheet metal establishments and machine shops. Price $3.00 

PUNCHES, DIES AND TOOLS FOR MANUFACTURING IN PRESSES. By J. Y. 

Woodworth. 

This work is a companion volume to the author’s elementary work entitled “Dies, Their 
Construction and Use.” It does not go into the details of die making to the extent of the 
author’s previous book, but gives a comprehensive review of the field of operations carried on 
by presses. A large part of the information given has been drawn from the author’s personal 
experience. It might well be termed an Encyclopedia of Die Making, Punch Making, Die 
Sinking Sheet Metal Working, and Making of Special Tools, Sub-preases, Devices and Mechani¬ 
cal Combinations for Punching, Cutting, Bending, Forming, Piercing, Drawing, Compressing 
and Assembling Sheet Metal Parts, and also Articles of other Materials in Machine Tools. 
2d Edition. Price.. $4.00 

DROP FORGING, DIE SINKING AND MACHINE FORMING OF STEEL. By J. V. 

Woodworth. 

This is a practical treatise on Modem Shop Practice, Processes, Methods, Machines, Tools, 
and Details treating on the Hot and Cold Machine-Forming of Steel and Iron into Finished 
shapes; Together with Tools, Dies, and Machinery involved in the manufacture of Duplicate 

7 









CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


r 


Forgings and Interchangeable Hot and Cold Pressed Parts from Bar and Sheet Metal. 
This book fills a demand of long standing for information regarding drop forging, die-sinking 
and machine forming of steel and the shop practice involved, as it actually exists in the 
modern drop forging shop. The processes of die-sinking and force-mak' n g, which are thor¬ 
oughly described and illustrated in this admirable work, are rarely tc oe found explained in 
such a clear and concise manner as is here set forth. The process of die-sinking relates to 
the engraving or sinking of the female or lower dies, such as are used for drop forgings, hot 
and cold machine forging, swedging and the press working of metals. The process of force¬ 
making relates to the engraving or raising of the male or upper dies used in producing the 
lower dies for the press-forming and machine-forging of duplicate parts of metal. 

In addition to the arts above mentioned the book contains explicit information regarding 
the drop forging and hardening plants, designs, conditions, equipment, drop hammers, 
forging machines, etc., machine forging, hydraulic forging, autogenous welding and shop 
practice. The book contains eleven chapters, and the information contained in these chapters 
is just what will prove most valuable to the forged metal worker. All operations described 
in the work are thoroughly illustrated by means of perspective half-tones and outline sketches 
of the machinery employed. 300 detailed illustrations. Price. $2.50 


DRAWING—SKETCHING PAPER 


LINEAR PERSPECTIVE SELF-TAUGHT. By Herman T. C. Kraus. 

This work gives the theory and practice of linear perspective, as used in architectural, engi¬ 
neering, and mechanical drawings. Persons taking up the study of the subject by themselves 
will be able by the use of the instruction given to readily grasp the subject, and by reason¬ 
able practice become good perspective draftsmen. The arrangement of the book is good; 
the plate is on the left-hand, while the descriptive text follows on the opposite page, so as to 
be readily referred to. The drawings are on sufficiently large scale to show the work clearly 
and are plainly figured. The whole work makes a very complete course on perspective draw¬ 
ing, and will be found of great value to architects, civil and mechanical engineers, patent 
attorneys, art designers, engravers, and draftsmen. .. $2.50 

PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE. By Richards and Colvin. 

Shows just how to make all kinds of mechanical drawings in the only practical perspective 
isometric. Makes everything plain so that any mechanic can understand a sketch or drawing 
in this way. Saves time in the drawing room, and mistakes in the shops. Contains practical 
examples of various classes of work. 3rd Edition.50 cents 

SELF-TAUGHT MECHANICAL DRAWING AND ELEMENTARY MACHINE 
DESIGN. By F- L. Sylvester, M.E., Draftsman, with additions by Erik Oberg, 
associate editor of “ Machinery.” 

This is a practical treatise on Mechanical Drawing and Machine Design, comprising the 
first principles of geometric and mechanical drawing, workshop mathematics, mechanics, 
strength of materials and the calculations and design of machine details. The author’s 
aim has been to adapt this treatise to the requirements of the practical mechanic and young 
draftsman and to present the matter in as clear and concise a manner as possible. To 
meet the demands of this class of students, practically all the important elements of machine 
design have been dealt with, and in addition algebraic formulas have been explained, and 
the elements of trigonometry treated in the manner best suited to the needs of the prac¬ 
tical man. The book is divided into 20 chapters, and in arranging the material, mechan¬ 
ical drawing, pure and simple, has been taken up first, as a thorough understanding of the 
principles of representing objects facilitates the further study of mechanical subjects. This 
is followed by the mathematics necessary for the solution of the problems in machine de¬ 
sign which are presented later, and a practical introduction to theoretical mechanics and 
the strength of materials. The various elements entering into machine design, such as cams, 
gears, sprocket wheels, cone pulleys, bolts, screws, couplings, clutches, shafting and fly¬ 
wheels have been treated in such a way as to make possible the use of the work as a text¬ 
book for a continuous course of study. It is easily comprehended and assimilated even by 
students of limited previous training. 330 pages, 215 engravings. Price. . . . $2.00 

A NEW SKETCHING PAPER. 

A new specially ruled paper to enable you to make sketches or drawings in isometric perspective 
without any figuring or fussing. It is being used for shop details as well as for assembly 
drawings, as it makes one sketch do the work of three, and no workman can help seeing jus't 
what is wanted. Pads of 40 sheets, 6x9 inches, 25 cents. Pads of 40 sheets, 9 x 12 inches. 
60 cents; ^sheets, 12 x 18, Price. $1.00- 


8 










CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


ELECTRICITY 


ARITHMETIC OF ELECTRICITY. By Prof. T. O’Conor Sloane. 

A practical treatise on electrical calculations of all kinds reduced to a series of rules, all of the 
simplest forms, and involving only ordinary arithmetic; each rule illustrated by one or more 
practical problems, with detailed solution of each one. This book is classed among the most 
useful works published on the science of electricity covering as it does the mathematics of 
electricity in a manner that will attract the attention of those who are not familiar with alge¬ 
braical formulas. 20th Edition. 160 pages. Price.$1.00 

COMMUTATOR CONSTRUCTION. By Wm. Baxter, Jr. 

The business end of any dynamo or motor of the direct current type is the commutator. This 
book goes into the designing, building, and maintenance of commutators, shows how to locate 
troubles and how to remedy them; everyone who fusses with dynamos needs this. 25 cents 

DYNAMO BUILDING FOR AMATEURS, OR HOW TO CONSTRUCT A FIFTY-WATT 
DYNAMO. By Arthur J. Weed, Member of N. Y. Electrical Society. 

A practical treatise showing in detail the construction of a small dynamo or motor, the entire 
machine work of which can be done on a small foot lathe. Dimensioned working drawings 
are given for each piece of machine work and each operation is clearly described. This 
machine, when used as a dynamo, has an output of fifty watts; when used as a motor it will 
drive a small drill press or lathe. It can be used to drive a sewing machine on any and all 
ordinary work. The book is illustrated with more than sixty original engravings showing 
the actual construction of the different parts. Among the contents are chapters on 1. Fifty 
Watt Dynamo. 2. Side Bearing Rods. 3. Field Punchings. 4. Bearings. 5 . Commu¬ 
tator. 6. Pulley. 7. Brush Holders. 8. Connection Board. 9. Armature Shaft. 10. 
Armature. 11. Armature Winding. 12. Field Winding. 13. Connecting and Starting. 
Price, paper, 50 cents. Cloth.$1.00 

ELECTRIC FURNACES AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. By J. Wright 

This is a book which will prove of interest to many classes of people; the manufacturer who 
desires to know what product can be manufactured successfully in the electric furnace, the 
chemist who wishes to post himself on the electro-chemistry, and the student of science who 
merely looks into the subject from curiosity. The book is not so scientific as to be of use 
only to the technologist, nor so unscientific as to suit only the tyro in electro-chemistry; it 
is a practical treatise of what has been done, and of what is being done, both experimentally 
and commercially with the electric furnace. 

In important processes not only are the chemical equations given, but complete thermal data 
are set forth and both the efficiency of the furnace and the cost of the product are worked 
out, thus giving the work a solid commercial value aside from its efficacy as a work of reference. 
The practical features of furnace building are given the space that the subject deserves. The 
forms and refractory materials used in the linings, the arrangement of the connections to the 
electrodes, and other important details are explained. 288 pages. New Revised Edition. 
Fully illustrated. Price.$3.00 

ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND HEATING POCKET BOOK. By Sydney F. Walker. 

This book puts in convenient form useful information regarding the apparatus which is likely 
to be attached to the mains of an electrical company. Tables of units and equivalents are 
included and useful electrical laws and formulas are stated. 

One section is devoted to dynamos, motors, transformers and accessory apparatus; another 
to accumulators, another to switchboards and related equipment, a fourth to a description 
of various systems of distribution, a fifth section to a discussion of instruments, both for 
portable use and switchboards; another section deals with electric lamps of various types 
and accessory appliances, and the concluding section is given up to electric heating apparatus. 
In each section a large number of commercial types are described, frequent tables of dimen¬ 
sions being included. A great deal of detail information of each line of apparatus is given 
and the illustrations shown give a good idea of the general appearance of the apparatus under 
discussion. The book also contains much valuable information for the central station engi¬ 
neer. 438 pages. 300 engravings. Bound in leather pocket book form. Price . $3.00 

ELECTRIC WIRING, DIAGRAMS AND SWITCHBOARDS. By Newton Harrison. 

\ thoroughly practical treatise covering the subject of Electric Wiring in all its branches, 
including explanations and diagrams which are thoroughly explicit and greatly simplify 
the subject. Practical every-day problems in wiring are presented and the method of 
obtaining intelligent results clearly shown. Only arithmetic is used. Ohm’s law is given 


9 









CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


a simple explanation with reference to wiring for direct and alternating currents. The fund a 
mental principle of drop of potential in circuits is shown with its various applications. The 
simple circuit is developed with the position of mains, feeders and branches; their treat¬ 
ment as a part of a wiring plan and their employment in house-wiring clearly illustrated. 
Some simple facts about testing are included in connection with the wiring. Molding 
and conduit work are given careful consideration; and switchboards are systematically 
treated, built up and illustrated, showing the purpose they serve, for connection with the 
circuits, and to shunt and compound wound machines. The simple principles of switchboard 
construction, the development of the switchboard, the connections of the various instru¬ 
ments including the lightning arrester, are also plainly set forth. 

Alternating current wiring rs treated, with explanations of the power factor, conditions 
calling for various sizes of wire and a simple way of obtaining the sizes for single-phase, two- 
phase and three-phase circuits. This is the only complete work issued showing and telling 
you what you should know about direct and alternating current wiring. It is a ready refer¬ 
ence. The work is free from advanced technicalities and mathematics, arithmetic being used 
throughout. It is in every respect a handy, well-written, instructive, comprehensive 
volume on wiring for the wireman, foreman, contractor, or electrician. 272 pages; 105 illus¬ 
trations. Price. .$ 1.50 

ELECTRIC TOY MAKING, DYNAMO BUILDING, AND ELECTRIC MOTOR CON¬ 
STRUCTION. By Prof. T. O’Conor Sloane. 

This work treats of the making at home of electrical toys, electrical apparatus, motors, dynamos 
and instruments in general, and is designed to bring within the reach of young and old the 
manufacture of genuine and useful electrical appliances. The work is especially designed for 
amateurs and young folks. 

Thousands of our young people are daily experimenting, and busily engaged in making electrical 
toys and apparatus of various kinds. The present work is just what is wanted to give the 
much needed information in a plain, practical manner, with illustrations to make easy the 
carrying out of the work. 19th Edition. Price.$ 1.00 

ELECTRICIAN’S HANDY BOOK. By Prof. T. O’Conor Sloane. 

This work of 768 pages is intended for the practical electrician who has to make things go. 
The entire field of electricity is covered within its pages. Among some of the subjects treated 
are: The Theory of the Electric Current and Circuit, Electro-Chemistry, Primary Batteries, 
Storage Batteries, Generation and Utilization of Electric Powers, Alternating Current, Arma¬ 
ture Winding, Dynamos and Motors, Motor Generators, Operation of the Central Station 
Switchboards, Safety Appliances, Distribution of Electric Light and Power, Street Mains, 
Transformers, Arc and Incandescent Lighting, Electric Measurements, Photometry, Electric 
Railways, Telephony, Bell-Wiring, Electro-Plating, Electric Heating, Wireless Telegraphy, etc. 
It contains no useless theory; everything is to the point. It teaches you just what you want 
to know about electricity. It is the standard work published on the subject. Forty-one 
chapters, 610 engravings, handsomely bound in red leather with title and edges in gold. Price; 

$ 3.50 

ELECTRICITY IN FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS, ITS COST AND CONVENIENCE. 

By Arthur P. Haslam. 

A practical book for power producers and power users showing what a convenience the electric 
motor, in its various forms, has become to the modern manufacturer. It also deals with the 
conditions which determine the cost of electric driving, and compares this with other methods 
of producing and utilizing power. 

Among the chapters contained in the book are: The Direct Current Motor; The Alternating 
Current Motor; The Starting and Speed Regulation of Electric Motors; The Rating and 
Efficiency of Electric Motors; The Cost of Energy as Affected by Conditions of Working, The 
Question for the Small Power User; Independent Generating Plants; Oil and Gas Engine 
Plants; Steam Plants; Power Station Tariffs; The Use of Electric Power in Textile Factories; 
Electric Power in Printing Works; The Use of Electric Power in Engineering Workshops 
Miscellaneous Application of Electric Power; The Installation of Electric Motors; The Lighting 
of Industrial Establishments. 312 pages. Very fully illustrated. Price .... $ 2.50 

ELECTRICITY SIMPLIFIED. By Prof. T. O’Conor Sloane. 

The object of “Electricity Simplified” is to make the subject as plain as possible and to show 
what the modern conception of electricity is; to show how two plates of different metals 
immersed in acid can send a message around the globe; to explain how a bundle of copper wire 
rotated by a steam engine can be the agent in lighting our streets, to tell what the volt, ohm 
and ampere are, and what high and low tension mean; and to answer the questions that 
perpetually arise in the mind in this age of electricity. 172 pages. Illustrated. Price $ 1.00 


IO 





CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


HOUSE WIRING. By Thomas W. Poppe. 

This work describes and illustrates the actual installation of Electric Light Wiring, the manner 
in which the work should be done, and the method of doing it. The book can be conveniently 
carried in the pocket. It is intended for the Electrician, Helper and Apprentice. It 
solves all Wiring Problems, and contains nothing that conflicts with the rulings of the Nation¬ 
al Board of Fire Underwriters. It gives just the information essential to the Successful 
Wiring of a Building. Among the subjects treated are: Locating the Meter. Panel Boards. 
Switches. Plug Receptacles. Brackets. Ceiling Fixtures. The Meter Connections. The 
Feed Wires. The Steel Armored Cable System. The Flexible Steel Conduit System. The 
Iiidig Conduit System. A digest of the National Board of Fire Underwriters’ rules relating 
to metallic wiring systems. Various switching arrangements explained and diagrammed. 
The easiest method of testing the Three and Four-way circuits explained. The grounding 
of all metallic wiring systems and the reason for doing so shown and explained. The in¬ 
sulation of the metal parts of lamp fixtures and the reason for the same described and 
illustrated. 125 pages. Fully illustrated. Flexible cloth. Price. . ... 50 cents 

HOW TO BECOME A SUCCESSFUL ELECTRICIAN- By Prof. T. O'Conor Sloane. 

Every young man who wishes to become a successful electrician should read this book. It tells 
in simple language the surest and easiest way to become a successful electrician. The studies 
to be followed, methods of work, field of operation and the requirements of the successful 
electrician are pointed out and fully explained. Every young engineer will find this an ex¬ 
cellent stepping-stone to more advanced works on electricity which he must master before 
success can be attained. Many young men become discouraged at the very outstart by 
attempting to read and study books that are far beyond their comprehension. This book 
serves as the connecting link between the rudiments taught in the public schools and the real 
study of electricity. It is interesting from cover to cover. Fifteenth edition. 202 pages, 
illustrated. Price .$1.00 

MANAGEMENT OF DYNAMOS. By Lummis-Paterson. 

A. handbook of theory and practice. This work is arranged in three parts. The first part 
covers the elementary theory of the dynamo. The second part, the construction and action 
of the different classes of dynamos in common use are described; while the third part relates 
to such matters as affect the practical management and working of dynamos and motors. 
The following chapters are contained in the book: Electrical Units; Magnetic Principles; 
Theory of the Dynamo; Armature; Armature in Practice; Field Magnets; Field Magnets in 
Practice; Regulating Dynamos; Coupling Dynamos; Installation, Running, and Maintenance 
Df Dynamos; Faults in Dyn-mos; Faults in Armatures; Motors. 292 pages. 117 illustra¬ 
tions. Price.SI.50 


STANDARD ELECTRICAL DICTIONARY. By T. O'Conor Sloane. 

An indispensable work to all interested in electrical science. Suitable alike for the student 
and professional. A practical hand-book of reference containing definitions of about 5,000 
distinct words, terms and phrases. The definitions are terse and concise and include every 
term used in electrical science. Recently issued. An entirely new edition. Should be in the 
possession of all who desire to keep abreast with the progesss of this branch of science. In 
its arrangement and typography the book is very convenient. The word or term defined is 
printed in black-faced type which readily catches the eye, while the body of the page is in 
smaller but distinct type. The definitions are well worded, and so as to be understood by 
the non-technical reader. The general plan seems to be to give an exact, concise definition, 
and then amplify and explain in a more popular way. Synonyms are also given, and refer¬ 
ences to other words and phrases are made. A very complete and accurate index of fifty 
pages is at the end of the volume; and as this index contains all synonyms, and as all phrases 
are indexed in every reasonable combination of words, reference to the proper place in the 
body of the book is readily made. It is difficult to decide how far a book of this character 
is to keep the dictionary form, and to what extent it may assume the encyclopedia form. 
For some purposes, concise, exactly worded definitions are needed; for other purposes, more 
extended descriptions are required. This book seeks to satisfy both demands, and does it 
with considerable success. Complete, concise, and convenient. 682 pages. 393 illustra¬ 
tions. Twelfth edition. Price.$3.00 


SWITCHBOARDS. By William Baxter, Jr. 

This book appeals to every engineer and electrician who wants to know the practical side of 
things It takes up all sorts and conditions of dynamos, connections and circuits and shows 
bv diagram and illustration just how the switchboard should be connected. Includes direct 
and alternating current boards, also those for arc lighting, incandescent, and power circuits. 
Special treatment on high voltage boards for power transmission. 2d Edition. 190 pages. 
Illustrated. Price.*. $1.50 


II 







CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


TELEPHONE CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION, WIRING, OPERATION AND 
MAINTENANCE. By W. H. Radcliffe and H. C. Cushing. 

This book gives the principles of construction gnd operation of both the Bell and Independent 
instruments; approved methods of installing and wiring them; the means of protecting them 
from lightning and abnormal currents; their connection together for operation as series or 
bridging stations; and rules for their inspection and maintenance. Line wiring and the wir¬ 
ing and operation of special telephone systems are also treated. 

Intricate mathematics are avoided, and all apparatus, circuits and systems are thoroughly 
described. The appendix contains definitions of units and terms used in the text. Selected 
wiring tables, which are very helpful, are also included. Among the subjects treated are 
Construction, Operation, and installation of Telephone Instruments, Inspection and M ain- 
tenance of Telephone Instruments; Telephone Line Wiring; Testing Telephone Line Wires 
and Cables; Wiring and Operation of Special Telephone Systems, etc. 100 pages, 125 illus¬ 
trations.$1.00 

WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY AND TELEPHONY SIMPLY EXPLAINED. 

By Alfred P. Morgan. 

This is undoubtedly one of the most complete and comprehensible treatises on the subject 
ever published, and a close study of its pages will enable one to master all the details of the 
wireless transmission of messages. The author has filled a long felt want and has succeeded 
in furnishing a lucid, comprehensible explanation in simple language of the theory and 
practice of wireless telegraphy and telephony. 

\mong the contents are: Introductory; Wireless Transmission and Reception—The 
Aerial System, Earth Connections—The Transmitting Apparatus, Spark Coils and Trans¬ 
formers, Condensers, Helixes, Spark Gaps, Anchor Gaps, Aerial Switches—The Receiving 
Apparatus, Detectors, etc.—Tuning and Coupling, Tuning Coils, Loose Couplers, Variable 
Condensers, Directive Wave Systems—Miscellaneous Apparatus, Telephone Receivers, 
Range of Stations, Static, Interference—Wireless Telephones, Sound and Sound Waves, The 
Vocal Cords and Ear—Wireless Telephones, How Sounds are changed into Electric Waves— 
Wireless Telephones, The Apparatus—Summary. 200 pages. 150 engravings. Price $ 1.00 

WIRELESS TELEPHONES AND HOW THEY WORK. By James Erskine-Murray. 

This work is free from elaborate details and aims at giving a clear survey of the way in which 
Wireless Telephones work. It is intended for amateur workers and for those whose knowledge 
of electricity is slight. Chapters contained: How We Hear; Historical; The Conversion of 
Sound into Electric Waves; Wireless Transmission; The Production of Alternating Currents 
of High Frequency; How the Electric Waves are Radiated and Received; The Receiving 
Instruments; Detectors; Achievements and Expectations; Glossary of Technical Words, 
Cloth. Price. $ 1.00 

WIRING A HOUSE. By Herbert Pratt. 

Shows a house already built; tells just how to start about wiring it; where to begin; what 
wire to use; how to run it according to Insurance Rules; in fact just the information you need. 
Directions apply equally to a shop. Fourth edition.25 cents 


FACTORY MANAGEMENT, ETC. 


MODERN MACHINE SHOP CONSTRUCTION, EQUIPMENT AND MANAGEMENT. 
By 0. E. Perrigo, M.E. 

The only work published that describes the modern machine shop or manufacturing plant from 
the time the grass is growing on the site intended for it until the finished product is shipped. 
By a careful study of its thirty-two chapters the practical man may economically build 
efficiently equip, and successfully manage the modern machine shop or manufacturing estab- 
ishment. Just the book needed by those contemplating the erection of modern shop buildings 
the re-building and re-organization of old ones, or the introduction of modern shop methods’ 
time and cost system. It is a book written and illustrated by a practical shop man for practical 
shop men who are too busy to read theories and want facts. It is the most complete all around 
book of its kind ever publish ed. It is a practical book for practical men, from the apprentice 
in the shop to the president in the office. It minutely describes and illustrates the most simple 
and yet the most efficient time and cost system yet devised. Price. $ 5.00 


12 










I 


CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


FUEL 


COMBUSTION OF COAL AND THE PREVENTION OF SMOKE. By Wm. M. Barr. 

This book has been prepared with special reference to the generation of heat by the combus¬ 
tion of the common fuels found in the United States, and deals particularly with the condi¬ 
tions necessary to the economic and smokeless combustion of bituminous coals in Stationary 
and Locomotive Steam Boilers. 

The presentation of this important subject is systematic and progressive. The arrangement 
of the book is in a series of practical questions to which are appended accurate ansivers, 
which describe in language, free from technicalities, the several processes involved in the 
furnace combustion of American fuels; it clearly states the essential requisites for perfect 
combustion, and points out the best methods for furnace construction for obtaining the great¬ 
est quantity of heat from any given quality of coal. Nearly 350 pages, fully illustrated. 
Price. ..;. $ 1.00 

SMOKE PREVENTION AND FUEL ECONOMY. By Booth and Kershaw. 

A complete treatise for all interested in smoke prevention and combustion, being based on 
the German work of Ernst Schmatolia, but it is more than a mere translation of the German 
treatise, much being added. The authors show as briefly as possible the principles of fuel 
combustion, the methods which have been and are at present in use, as well as the proper 
scientific methods for obtaining all the energy in the coal and burning it without smoke. 
Considerable space is also given to the examination of the waste gases, and several of the 
representative English and American mechanical stoker and similar appliances are described. 
The losses carried away in the waste gases are thoroughly analyzed and discussed in the Ap¬ 
pendix, and abstracts are also here given of various patents on combustion apparatus, flhe 
book is complete and contains much of value to all who have charge of large plants. 194 
pages. Illustrated. Price. $ 2.50 


GAS ENGINES AND GAS 


GASOLINE ENGINES: THEIR OPERATION, USE AND CARE. By A. Hyatt 

Verrill. 

The Simplest, Latest and Most Comprehensive popular work published on Gasoline Engines 
describing what the Gasoline engine is; its construction and operation; how to install it; 
how to select it; how to use it and how to remedy troubles encountered. Intended for owners, 
Operators and Users of Gasoline Motors of ah kinds. This work fully describes and illus¬ 
trates the various types of Gasoline engines used in Motor Boats, Motor Vehicles and 
Stationary Work. The parts, accessories and Appliances are described, with chapters on 
ignition fuel lubrication, operation and engine troubles. Special attention is given to the 
care operation and repair of motors with useful hints and suggestions on emergency re¬ 
pairs and make-shifts. A complete glossary of technical terms and an alphabetically ar¬ 
ranged table of troubles and their symptoms form most valuable and unique features of this 
manual. Nearly every illustration in the book is original, having been made by the author. 
Every page is full of interest and value. A book which you cannot afford to be without. 320 
pages. Nearly 150 specially made engravings. Price . ... 

GAS, GASOLINE, AND OIL ENGINES. By Gardner D. Hiscox. 

Just issued, 20 th revised and enlarged edition. Every user of a gas engine needs this book. 
SimDle instructive and right up-to-date. The only complete work on the subject. Tells 
all about the running and management of gas, gasoline and oil engines, as designed and manu¬ 
factured in the United States. Explosive motors for stationary, marine and vehicle power are 
fullv treated together with illustrations of their parts and tabulated sizes, also their care and 
running are included. Electric ignition by induction coil and jump spark are fully explained 
and illustrated, including valuable information on the testing for economy and power and the 
erection of power plants. ^ ,. 

The rules and regulations of the Board of Fire Underwriters in regard to the installation ani 
management of gasoline motors is given in full, suggesting the safe installation of explosive 
inotofpower. ° A S list of United States Patents issued on gas, gasoline, and oil engines and their 
Adjuncts from 1875 to date is included. 484 pages. 410 engravings Price . . . $ 2.50 

MODERN GAS ENGINES AND PRODUCER GAS PLANTS. By R. E. Mathot, M.E. 

a vnifip for the gas engine designer, user, and engineer in the construction, selection, purchase 
installation operation and maintenance of gas engines. More than one book on gas engines 
has been written but not one has thus far even encroached on the field covered by this book. 
Abow Sll Mr MathoUs wSrk is a practical guide.- - Recognizing the need of a volume that 


*3 











CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


would assist the gas engine user in understanding thoroughly the motor upon which he depends 
for power, the author has discussed his subject without the help of any mathematics and 
without elaborate theoretical explanations. E'.'ery part of the gas engine is described in detail, 
tersely, clearly, with a thorougn understanding of the requirements of the mecnanic. Helpful 
suggestions as to the purchase of an engine, its installation, care, and operation form a most 
\ aluable feature of the work. 320 pages. 175 detailed illustrations. Price . . . $2.50 

GAS ENGINE CONSTRUCTION, OR HOW TO BUILD A HALF-HORSE-POWER 
GAS ENGINE. By Parsell and Weed. 

A practical treatise of 300 pages describing the theory and principles of the action of Gas 
Engines of various types and tne design and construction of a iialf-horse power Gas Engine, with 
illustrations of the work in actual progress, together with the dimensioned working drawings 
giving clearly the sizes of the various details; for the student, the scientific investigator and the 
amateur mechanic. 

Tnis book treats of the subject more from the standpoint of practice than that of theory. The 
principles of operation of Gas Engines are clearly and simply described and then the actual 
construction of a half-horse power engine is taken up, step by step, showing in detail the making 
of the Gas Engine. 3d Edition. 300 pages. Price. $2.50 

THE GASOLINE ENGINE ON THE FARM: ITS OPERATION, REPAIR 

AND USES. By Xeno W. Putnam. 

This is a practical treatise on the Gasoline and Kerosene engine intended for the man who 
wants to know just how to manage his engine and how to apply it to all kinds of farm work 
to the best advantage. 

The book includes selecting the most suitable engine for farm work, its most convenient and 
efficient installation, with chapters on troubles, their remedies and how to avoid them. 
The care and management of the farm tractor in plowing, harrowing, harvesting and road 
grading are fully covered; also plain directions are given for handling the tractor on the road. 
Special attention is given to relieving farm life of its drudgery by applying power to the 
disagreeable small tasks which must otherwise be done by hand. Many homemade con¬ 
trivances for cutting wood, supplying kitchen, garden and barn with water, loading, hauling 
and unloading hay, delivering grain to the bins or the feed trough are included; also full 
directions for making the engine milk the cows, churn, wash, sweep the house and clean the 
windows, etc. Very fully illustrated with drawings of working parts and cuts showing 
Stationary, Portable and Tractor Engines doing all kinds of farm work. 300 pages. Nearly 
150 engravings. 12mo. Price. . $1.50 

CHEMISTRY OF GAS MANUFACTURE. By H. M. Royles. 

This book covers points likely to arise in the ordinary course of the duties of the engineer or 
manager of a gas works not large enough to necessitate the employment of a separate chemical 
staff. It treats of the testing of the raw materials employed in the manufacture of illuminat¬ 
ing coal gas, and of the gas produced. The preparation of standard solutions is given as well 
as the chemical and physical examination of gas coal including among its contents—Prepa¬ 
rations of Standard Solutions, Coal, Furnaces, Testing and Regulation. Products of Car¬ 
bonization. Analysis of Crude Coal Gas. Analysis of Lime. Ammonia. Analysis of Oxide 
of Iron. Naphthalene. Analysis of Fire-Bricks and Fire-Clay. Weldom and Spent Oxide. 
Photometry and Gas Testing. Carburetted Water Gas. Metropolis Gas. Miscellaneous 
Extracts. Useful Tables. $4.50 

GEARING AND CAMS 


BEVEL GEAR TABLES. By D. Ag. Engstrom. 

A book that will at once commend itself to mechanics and draftsmen. Does away with all 
the trigonometry and fancy figuring on bevel gears and makes it easy for anyone to lay them 
out or make them just right. There are 36 full-page tables that show every necessary dimen¬ 
sion for all sizes or combinations you’re apt to need. No puzzling figuring or guessing. 
Gives placing distance, all the angles (includmg cutting angles), and the correct cutter to use. 
A copy of this prepares you for anything in the bevel gear line. 66 pages. . $1.00 

CHANGE GEAR DEVICES. By Oscar E. Perrigo. 

A practical book for every designer, draftsman, and mechanic interested in the invention and 
development of the devices for feed changes on the different machines requiring such mechan¬ 
ism. All the necessary information on this subject is taken up, analyzed, classified, sifted 
and concentrated for the use of busy men who have not the time to go through the masses 
of irrelevant matter with which such a subject is usually encumbered and select such infor¬ 
mation as will be useful to them. 

It shows just what has been done, how it has been done, when it was done, and who did it. 
It saves time in hunting up patent records and re-inventing old ideas. 88 pages. $1.00 











CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


DRAFTING OF CAMS. By Louis Rouillion. 

The laying out of cams is a serious problem unless you know how to go at it right. This puts 
you on the right road for practically any kind of cam you are likely to run up against. 25 cents 


HYDRAULICS 


HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING. By Gardner D. Hiscox. 

A treatise on the properties, power, and resources of water for all purposes. Including the 
measurement of streams, the flow of water in pipes or conduits; the horse-power of falling 
water; turbine and impact water-wheels, wave motors, centrifugal, reciprocating, and air¬ 
lift pumps. With 300 figures and diagrams and 36 practical tables. 

All who are interested in water-works development will find this book a useful one, because 
it is an entirely practical treatise upon a subject of present importance, and cannot fail in 
having a far-reaching influence, and for this reason should have a place in the working library 
of every engineer. Among the subjects treated are: Historical—Hydraulics, Properties of 
Water; Measurement of the flow of Streams; Flow from Subsurface orifices and nozzles; 
Flow of water in Pipes; Siphons of various kinds; Dams and Great Storage Reservoirs; 
City and Town Water Supply; Wells and their reenforcement; Air lift methods of raising 
water; artesian wells; Irrigation of Arid districts; Water Power, Water Wheels; Pumps and 
Pumping Machinery; Reciprocating Pumps; Hydraulic Power Transmission; Hydraulic 
Mining; Canals; Ditches; Conduits and Pipe Lines; Marine Hydraulics; Tidal and Sea 
Wave power, etc. 320 pages. Price. $4.00 


ICE AND REFRIGERATION 


POCKET BOOK OF REFRIGERATION AND ICE MAKING. By A. J. Wallis- 
Taylor. 

This is one of the latest and most comprehensive reference books published on the subject of 
refrigeration and cold storage. It explains the properties and refrigerating effect of the different 
fluids in use, the management of refrigerating machinery and the construction and insulation 
of cold rooms with their required pipe surface for different degrees of cold; freezing mixtures 
and non-freezing brines, temperatures of cold rooms for all kinds of provisions, cold storage 
charges for all classes of goods, ice making and storage of ice, data and memoranda for constant 
reference by refrigerating engineers, with nearly one hundred tables containing valuable 
references to every fact and condition required in the installment and operation of a refrigerat¬ 
ing plant. Illustrated. (5th Edition, revised.) Price. $1.50 

INVENTIONS—PATENTS 


INVENTOR’S MANUAL, HOW TO MAKE A PATENT PAY. 

This is a book designed as a guide to inventors in perfecting their inventions, taking out their 
patents and disposing of them. It is not in any sense a Patent Solicitor’s Circular, nor a 
Patent Broker’s Advertisement. No advertisements of any description appear in the work. 
It is a book containing a quarter of a century’s experience of a successful inventor, together 
with notes based upon the experience of many other inventors. 

Among the subjects treated in this work are: How to Invent. How to Secure a Good 
Patent. Value of Good Invention. How to exhibit an Invention. How to Interest 
Capital. How to Estimate the Value of a Patent. Value of Design Patents. Value of 
Foreign Patents. Value of Small Inventions. Advice on Selling Patents. Advice on the 
Formation of Stock Companies. Advice on the Formation of Limited Liability Companies. 
Advice on Disposing of Old Patents. Advice as to Patent Attorneys. Advice as to Selling 
Agents. Forms of Assignments. License and Contracts. State Laws Concerning Patent 
Rights. 1900 Census of the United States by counties of over 10,000 population. Revised 
edition. 120 pages. Price.. 


KNOTS 


KNOTS, SPLICES AND ROPE WORK. By A. Hyatt Verrill. 

This is a practical book giving complete and simple directions for making all the most use¬ 
ful and ornamental knots in common use. with chapters on Splicing, Pointing, Seizing, 
















CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


Serving, etc. This book is fully illustrated with one hundred and fifty original engravings 
which show how each knot, tie or splice is formed and its appearance when finished. The 
book will be found of the greatest value to Campers, Yachtsmen, Travelers, Boy Scouts 
in fact to anyone having occasion to use or handle rope or knots for any purpose. The book 
is thoroughly reliable and practical and is not only a guide but a teacher. It is the standard 
work on the subject. Among the contents are: 1. Cordage, Kinds of Rope. Construction 
of Rope, Parts of Rope Cable and Bolt Rope. Strength of Rope, Weight of Rope. 2. Sim¬ 
ple knots and Bends. Terms used in Handling Rope. Seizing Rope. 3. Ties and Hitches. 
4. Noose, Loops and Mooring Knots. 5. Shortenings, Grommets and Selvages. 6. Lash¬ 
ings. Seizings and Splices. 7. Fancy Knots and Rope Work. 128 pages. 150 original 
engravings. Price.. 60 cents 


LATHE WORK 


MODERN AMERICAN LATHE PRACTICE. By Oscar E. Perrigo. 

This is a new book from cover to cover, and the only complete American work on the subject 
written by a man who knows not only how work ought to be done, but who also knows 
how to do it, and how to convey this knowledge to others. It is strictly up-to-date in its 
descriptions and illustrations, which represent the very latest practice in lathe and boring 
mill operations as well as the construction of and latest developments in the manufacture 
of these important classes of machine tools. 

Lathe history and the relations of the Lathe to manufacturing are given; also a description 
of the various devices for Feeds and Thread Cutting mechanisms from early efforts in this 
direction to the present time. Lathe design is thoroughly discussed, including Back Gearing, 
Driving Cones, Thread Cutting Gears, and all the essential elements of the modern Lathe. 
The classification of Lathes is taken up, giving the essential differences of the several types 
of Lathes, including, as is usually understood, Engine Lathes, Bench Lathes, Speed Lathes, 
Forge Lathes, Gap Lathes, Pulley Lathes, Forming Lathes, Multiple Spindle Lathes, Rapid 
Reduction Lathes, Precision Lathes, Turret Lathes, Special Lathes, Electrically Driven 
Lathes, etc. 424 pages. 314 illustrations. Price. .$2.60 

PRACTICAL METAL TURNING. By Joseph G. Horner. 

This important and practical subject is treated in a full and exhaustive manner and nothing 
of importance is omitted. The principles and practice and all the different branches of Turn¬ 
ing are considered and well illustrated. All the different kinds of Chucks of usual forms, as 
well as some unusual kinds, are shown. A feature of the book is the important section de¬ 
voted to modern Turret practice; Boring is another subject which is treated fully; and the 
chapter on Tool Holders illustrates a large number of representative types. Thread Cutting 
is treated at reasonable length; and the last chapter contains a good deal of information 
relating to the High-Speed Steels and their work. The numerous tools used by machinists 
are illustrated, and also the adjuncts of the lathe. In fact, the entire subject is treated in 
such a thorough manner as to make this book the standard one on the subject. It is indis¬ 
pensable to the manager, engineer, and machinist as well as to the student, amateur, and 
experimental, man who desires to keep up-to-date. 400 pages, fully illustiated. Price $3.50 

TURNING AND BORING TAPERS. By Fred H. Colvin. 

There are two ways to turn tapers; the right way and one other. This treatise has to do with 
the right way; it tells you how to start the work properly, how to set the lathe, what tools to 
use and how to use them, and forty and one other little things that y >u should know. Fourth 
edition.25 cen ts 


LIQUID AIR 


LIQUID AIR AND THE LIQUEFACTION OF GASES. By T. O’Conor Sloane. 

This book gives the history of the theory, discovery, and manufacture of Liquid Air, and 
Koi" 2 , 1 ns an illustrated description of all the experiments that have excited the wonder of 
audiences all over the country. It shows how liquid air, like water, is carried hundreds of 
miles and is handled in open buckets. It tells what may be expected from it in the near 
future. 

A book that renders simple one of the most perplexing chemical problems of the century. 
Startling developments illustrated by actual experiments. 

It is not only a work of scientific interest and authority, but is intended for the general reader, 
Deing written in a popular style—easily understood by every one. Second edition. 365 
pages. Price .-.. .. . $2.00 














CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERING 


AIR-BRAKE CATECHISM. By Robert H. Blackall. 

This book is a standard text book. It covers the Westinghouse Air-Brake Equipment, in¬ 
cluding the No. 5 and the No. 6 E. T Locomotive Brake Equipment; the K (Quick-Service) 
Triple Valve for Freight Service; and the Cross-Compound Pump. The operation of all parts 
of the apparatus is explained in detail, and a practical way of finding their peculiarities and 
defects, with a proper remedy, is given. It contains 2,000 questions with their answers, 
which will enable any railroad man to pass any examination on the subject of Air Brakes. 
Endorsed and used by air-brake instructors and examiners on nearly every railroad in the 
United States. 25th Edition. 350 pages, fully illustrated with folding plates and dia¬ 
grams.$2.00 

AMERICAN COMPOUND LOCOMOTIVES. By Fred. H. Colvin. 

The only book on compounds for the engineman or shopman that shows in a plain, practical 
way the various features of compound locomotives in use. Shows how they are made, what 
to do when they break down or balk. Contains sections as follows:—A Bit of History. The¬ 
ory of Compounding Steam Cylinders. Baldwin Two-Cylinder Compound. Pittsburg Two- 
Cylinder Compound. Rhode Island Compound. Richmond Compound. Rogers Compound. 
Schenectady Two-Cylinder Compound. Vauclain Compound. Tandem Compounds. Bald¬ 
win Tandem. The Colvin-Wight man Tandem. Schenectady Tandem. Balanced Loco¬ 
motives. Baldwin Balanced Compound. Plans for Balancing. Locating Blows. Break¬ 
downs. Reducing Valves. Drifting. Valve Motion. Disconnecting. Power of Compound 
Locomotives. Practical Notes. 

Fully illustrated r and containing ten special “Duotone” inserts on heavy Plate Paper, show¬ 
ing different types of Compounds. 142 pages. Price.$1.00 

APPLICATION OF HIGHLY SUPERHEATED STEAM TO LOCOMOTIVES. By 

Robert Garbe. 

A practical book. Contains special chapters on Generation of Highly Superheated Steam; 
Superheated Steam and the Two-Cylinder Simple Engine; Compounding and Superheating; 
Designs ofj Locomotive Superheaters; Constructive Details of Locomotives using Highly- 
Superheated Steam; Experimental and Working Results. Illustrated with folding places 
and tables. Price.$2.60 

COMBUSTION OF COAL AND THE PREVENTION OF SMOKE. 

By Wm. M. Barr. 

This book has been prepared with special reference to the generation of heat by the combus¬ 
tion of the common fuels found in the United States, and deals particularly with the condi¬ 
tions necessary to the economic and smokeless combustion of bituminous coal in Stationary 
and Locomotive Steam Boilers. 

The presentation of this important subject is systematic and progressive. The arrangement 
of the book is in a series of practical questions to which are appended accurate answers, 
which describe in language, free from technicalities, the several processes involved in the 
furnace combustion of American fuels; it clearly states the essential requisites for perfect 
combustion, and points out the best methods of furnace construction for obtaining the 
greatest quantity of heat from any given quality of coal. Nearly 350 pages, fully illustrated. 
Price.$1.00 


DIARY OF A ROUND HOUSE FOREMAN. By T. S. Reilly . 

This is the greatest book of railroad experiences ever published. Containing a fund of infor¬ 
mation and suggestions along the line of handling men, organizing, etc., that one cannot afford 
to miss. 176 pages. Price.$1.00 


LINK MOTIONS, VALVES AND VALVE SETTING. By Fred H. Colvin, Associate 
Editor of “ American Machinist.” 


A handy book for the engineer or machinist that clears up the mysteries of valve setting. 
Shows the different valve gears in use, how they work, and why. Piston and slide valves 
of different types are illustrated and explained. A book that every railroad man m the mo¬ 
tive Dower department ought to have. Contains chapters on Locomotive Lmk Motion 
Valve Movements, Setting Slide Valves, Analysis by Diagrams Modern Practice Slip of 
Block Slide Valves, Piston Valves, Setting Piston Valves, Joy-Alien Valve Gear, Walschaert 
Valve Gear, Gooch Valve Gear, Alfree-Hubbell Valve Gear, etc., etc. Fully illustrated. 


Price 


50 cents 












CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


LOCOMOTIVE BOILER CONSTRUCTION. By Frank A. Kleinhans. 

The construction of boilers in general is treated, and following this, the locomotive boiler 
is taken up in the order in which its various parts go through the shop. Shows all types of 
boilers used: gives details of construction; practical facts, such as life of riveting, punches 
and dies; work done per day, allowance for bending and flanging sheets, and other data. 
Locomotive boilers present more difficulty in laying out and building than any other type, 
and for this reason the author uses them as examples. Anyone who can handle them can 
tackle anything. 

Contains chapters on Laying Out Work; Flanging and Forging; Punching; Shearing: Plate 
Planing; General Tables; Finishing Parts; Bending; Machinery Parts; Riveting; Boiler 
Details; Smoke Box Details; Assembling and Calking; Boiler Shop Machinery, etc., etc. 
There isn’t a man who has anything to do with boiler work, either new or repair work, who 
doesn’t need this book. The manufacturer, superintendent, foreman, and boiler worker— 
all need it. No matter what the type of boiler, you’ll find a mint of information that you 
wouldn’t be without. Over 400 pages, five large folding plates. Price. $3.00 

LOCOMOTIVE BREAKDOWNS AND THEIR REMEDIES. By Geo. L. Fowler. 
Revised by Wm. W. Wood, Air-Brake Instructor. Just issued. Revised pocket 
edition. 

It is out of the question to try and tell you about every subject that is covered in this pocket 
edition of Locomotive Breakdowns. Just imagine all the common troubles that an engineer 
may expect to happen some time, and then add all of the unexpected ones, troubles that could 
occur, but that you had never thought about, and you will find that they are all treated with 
the very best methods of repair. Walschaert Locomotive Valve Gear Troubles, Electric 
Headlight Troubles, as well as* Questions and Answers on the Air Brake are all included. 294 
pages. 7th Revised Edition. Fully illustrated. $1.00 

LOCOMOTIVE CATECHISM. By Robert Grimshaw. 

The revised edition of “Locomotive Catechism,” by Robert Grimshaw, is a New Book from 
Cover to Cover. It contains twice as many pages and double the number of illustrations 
of previous editions. Includes the greatest amount of practical information ever published 
on the construction and management of modern locomotives. Specially Prepared Chapters 
on the Walschaert Locomotive Valve Gear, the Air Brake Equipment and the Electric Head 
Light are given. 

It commends itself at once to every Engineer and Fireman, and to all who are going in for 
examination or promotion. In plain language, with full complete answers, not only all the 
questions asked by the examining engineer are given, but those which the young and less 
experienced would ask the veteran, and which old hands ask as “stickers.” It is a veritable 
Encyclopedia of the Locomotive, is entirely free from mathematics, easily understood and 
thoroughly up-to-date. Contains over 4,000 Examination Questions with their Answers. 
825 pages, 437 illustrations and three folding plates. 28th Revised Edition. . . $2.50 

PRACTICAL INSTRUCTOR AND REFERENCE BOOK FOR LOCOMOTIVE 
FIREMEN AND ENGINEERS. By Chas. F. Lockhart. 

An entirely new book on the Locomotive. It appeals to every railroad man, as it tells him 
how things are done and the right way to do them. Written by a man who has had years 
of practical experience in locomotive shops and on the road firing and running. The infor¬ 
mation given in this book cannot be found in any other similar treatise. Eight hundred and 
fifty-one questions with their answers are included, which will prove specially helpful to 
those preparing for examination. Practical information on: The Construction and Opera¬ 
tion of Locomotives. Breakdowns and their Remedies; Air Brakes and Valve Gears. 
Rules and Signals are handled in a thorough maimer. As a book of reference it cannot be 
excelled. The book is divided into six parts, as follows: 1. The Fireman’s Duties. 2. 
General description of the Locomotive. 3. Breakdowns and their Remedies. 4. Air Brakes. 
5. Extracts from Standard Rules. 6. Questions for examination. The 851 questions have 
been carefully selected and arranged. These cover the examinations required by the different 
railroads. 368 pages. 88 illustrations. Price. $1.50 

PREVENTION OF RAILROAD ACCIDENTS, OR SAFETY IN RAILROADING. 

By George Bradshaw. 

This book is a heart-to-heart talk with Railroad Employees, dealing with facts, not theories, 
and showing the men in the ranks, from every-day experience, how accidents occur and how 
they may be avoided. The book is illustrated with seventy original photographs and draw¬ 
ings showing the safe and unsafe methods of work. No visionary schemes, no ideal pictures. 
Just plain facts and Practical Suggestions are given. Every railroad employee who reads the 








CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


book is a better and safer man to have in railroad service. It gives just the information 
which will be the means of preventing many injuries and deaths. All railroad employees 
should procure a copy, read it, and do your part in preventing accidents. 169 pages. Pocket 
Size. Fully illustrated. Price. 50 cents 

TRAIN RULE EXAMINATIONS MADE EASY. By G. E. Collingwood. 

This is the only practical work on train-rules in print. Every detail is covered, and puzzling 
points are explained in simple, comprehensive language, making it a practical treatise for 
the Train Dispatcher, Engineman, Trainman, and all others who ha Tr e to do with the move¬ 
ments of trains. Contains complete and reliable information of the Standard Code of Train 
Rules for single track. Shows Signals in Colors, as used on the different roads. Explains 
fully the practical application of train orders, giving a clear and definite understanding of all 
orders which may be used. The meaning and necessity for certain rules are explained in 
such a manner that the student may know beyond a doubt the rights conferred under any 
orders he may receive or the action required by certain rules. 

As nearly all roads require trainmen to pass regular examinations, a complete set of examina¬ 
tion questions, with their answers, are included. These will enable the student to pass the 
required examinations with credit to himself and the road for which he works. 256 pages. 
Fully illustrated with Train Signals in colors. Price. $1.25 

TRAIN RULES AND DESPATCHING. By H. A. Dalby. 

Every railroad man, no matter what department he’s in, needs a copy of this book. It gives, 
the standard rules for both single and double track, shows all the signals, with colors wher¬ 
ever necessary, and has a list of towns where time changes, with a map showing the whole 
country. The rules are explained wherever there is any doubt about their meaning or where 
they are modified by different railroads. It’s the only practical book on train rules in print. 
Over 220 pages. Leather cover. Price. $1.50 

THE WALSCHAERT AND OTHER MODERN RADIAL VALVE GEARS FOR 
LOCOMOTIVES. By Wm. W. Wood. 

If you would thoroughly understand the Walschaert Valve Gear you should possess a copy 
of this book, as the author takes the plainest form of a steam engine—a stationary engine in 
the rough, that will only turn its crank in one direction—and from it builds up—with the 
reader’s help—a modern locomotive equipped with the Walschaert Valve Gear, complete. 
The points discussed are clearly illustrated: two large folding plates that show the positions 
of the valves of both inside or outside admission type, as well as the links and other parts of 
the gear when the crank is at nine different points in its revolution, are especially valuable 
in making the movement clear. These employ sliding cardboard models which are contained 
in a pocket in the cover. 

The book is divided into five general divisions, as follows: I. Analysis of the gear. II. De¬ 
signing and erecting the gear. III. Advantages of the gear. IV. Questions and answers 
relating to the Walschaert Valve Gear. V. Setting valves with the Walschaert Valve Gear; 
the three primary types of locomotive valve motion; modern radial valve gears other than 
the Walschaert; the Hobart All-free valve and valve gear, with questions and answers on 
breakdowns; the Baker-Pilliod valve gear; the Improved Baker-Pilliod Valve Gear, with 
questions and answers on breakdowns. 

The questions with full answers given will be especially valuable to firemen and engineers 
in preparing for an examination for promotion. 245 pages. Third Revised Edition. 


Price .. .$1.50 

WESTINGHOUSE E—T AIR-BRAKE INSTRUCTION POCKET BOOK. By Wm. 

W. Wood, Air-Brake Instructor. 

Here is a book for the railroad fnan, and the man who aims to be one. It is without doubt 


the only complete work published on the Westinghouse E-T Locomotive Brake Equipment. 
Written by an Air Brake Instructor who knows just what is needed. It covers the subject 
thoroughly. Everything about the New Westinghouse Engine and Tender Brake Equip¬ 
ment, including the Standard No. 5 and the Perfected No. 6 Style of brake, is treated in de¬ 
tail. Written in plain English and profusely illustrated with Colored Plates, which enable 
one to trace the flow of pressures throughout the entire equipment. The best book ever 
published on the Air Brake. Equally good for the beginner and the advanced engineer. 
Will pass any one through any examination. It informs and enlightens you on every point. 
Indispensable to every engineman and trainman. 

Contains examination questions and answers on the E-T equipment. Covering what the 
E-T Brake is. How it should be operated. What to do when defective. Not a questiqn can 
be asked of the engineman up for promotion on either the No. 5 or the No. 6 E-T equipment 
that is not asked and answered in the book. If you want to thoroughly understand the E-T 
equipment get a copy of this book. It covers every detail. Makes Air Brake troubles and 
examinations easy. Price.. $1.50 








CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


MACHINE SHOP PRACTICE 


AMERICAN TOOL MAKING AND INTERCHANGEABLE MANUFACTURING. By 

J. V. Woodworth. 

A “shoppy” book, containing no theorizing, no problematical or experimental devices, there 
are no badly proportioned and impossible diagrams, no catalogue cuts, but a valuable collec¬ 
tion of drawings and descriptions of devices, the rich fruits of the author’s own experience. 
In its 500-odd pages the one subject only, Tool Making, and whatever relates thereto, is 
dealt with. The work stands without a rival. It is a complete practical treatise on the 
art of American Tool Making and syst am of interchangeable manufacturing as carried on 
to-day in the United States. In it are described and illustrated all of the different types 
and classes of small tools, fixtures, devices, and special appliances which are in general use 
in all machine manufacturing and metal working establishments where economy, capacity, 
and interchangeability in the production of machined metal parts are imperative. The 
science of jig making is exhaustively discussed, and particular attention is paid to drill jigs, 
boring, profiling and milling fixtures and other devices in which the parts to be machined 
are located and fastened within the contrivances. All of the tools, fixtures, and devices 
illustrated and described have been or are used for the actual production of work, such as 
parts of drill presses, lathes, patented machinery, typewriters, electrical apparatus, mechan¬ 
ical appliances, brass goods, composition parts, mould products, sheet metal articles, drop 
forgings, jewelry, watches, medals, coins, etc. 531 pages. Price.$4.00 

HENLEY’S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL ENGINEERING AND ALLIED 
TRADES. Edited by Joseph G. Horner, A.M.I., M.E. 

This set of five volumes contains about 2,500 pages with thousands of illustrations, including 
diagrammatic and sectional drawings with full explanatory details. This work covers the 
entire practice of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. The best known expert in all branches 
of engineering have contributed to these volumes. The Cyclopedia is admirably well adapted 
to the needs of the beginner and the self-taught practical man, as well as the mechanical en¬ 
gineer, designer, draftsman, shop superintendent, foreman, and machinist. The work will be 
found a means of advancement to any progressive man. It is encyclopedic in scope, thorough 
and practical in its treatment of technical subjects, simple and clear in its descriptive matter, 
and without unnecessary technicalities or formulae. The articles are as brief as may be and 
yet give a reasonably clear and explicit statement of the subject, and are written by men who 
have had ample practical experience in the matters of which they write. It tells you all you 
want to know about engineering and tells it so simply, so clearly, so concisely, that one cannot 
help but understand. As a work of reference it is without a peer. $6.00 per volume. For 
complete set of five volumes, price.$25.00 

MACHINE SHOP ARITHMETIC. By Colvin-Cheney. 

This is an arithmetic of the things you have to do with daily. It tells you plainly about: how 
to find areas of figures; how to find surface or volume of balls or spheres; handy ways for 
calculating; about compound gearing; cutting screw threads on any lathe; drilling for taps; 
speeds of drills, taps, emery wheels, grindstones, milling cutters, etc.; all about the Metric 
system with conversion tables; properties of metals; strength of bolts and nuts; decimal 
equivalent of an inch. All sorts of machine shop figuring and 1,001 other things, any one of 
which ought to be worth more than the price of this book to you, and it saves you the trouble 
of bothering the boss. 6th Edition. 131 pages. Price.50 cents 

MODERN MACHINE SHOP CONSTRUCTION, EQUIPMENT AND MANAGEMENT. 

By Oscar E. Perrigo. 

The only work published that describes the Modern Machine Shop or Manufacturing Plant from 
the time the grass is growing on the site intended for it until the finished product is shipped. 
Just the book needed by those contemplating the erection of modern shop buildings, the re¬ 
building and reorganization of old ones, or the introduction of Modern Shop Methods, time and 
cost systems. It is a book written and illustrated by a practical shop man for practical shop 
men who are too busy to read theories and want facts. It is the most complete all-around 
book of its kind ever published. 400 large quarto pages. 225 original and specially-made 
illustrations. Price.$5.00 

MECHANICAL APPLIANCES, MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS AND NOVELTIES 
OF CONSTRUCTION. By Gardner D. Hiscox. 

This is a supplementary volume to the one upon mechanical movements. Unlike the first 
volume, which is more elementary in character, this volume contains illustrations and descrip 
tions of many combinations of motions and of mechanical devices and appliances found in 
different lines of machinery. Each device being shown bv a line drawing with a description 


20 










CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


showing its working parts and the method of operation. From the multitude of devices de¬ 
scribed, and illustrated, might be mentioned, in passing, such items as conveyors and elevators, 
Prony brakes, thermometers, various types of boilers, solar engines, oil-fuel burners, condensers, 
evaporators, Corliss and other valve gears, governors, gas engines, water motors of various 
descriptions, air ships, motors and dynamos, automobile and motor bicycles, railway block 
signals, car couplers, link and gear motions, ball bearings, breech block mechanism for heavy 
guns, and a large accumulation of others of equal importance. 1,000 specially made engrav¬ 
ings. 393 octavo pages. Price .$2.50 

MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS, POWERS, AND DEVICES. By Gardner D. Hiscox. 

This is a collection of 1,890 engravings of different mechanical motions and appliances, accom¬ 
panied by appropriate text, making it a book of great value to the inventor, the draftsman, 
and to all readers with mechanical tastes. The book is divided into eighteen sections or 
chapters in which the subject matter is classified under the following heads: Mechanical Powers; 
Transmission of Power; Measurement of Power, Steam Power; Air Power Appliances; Electric 
Power and Construction, Navigation and Roads; Gearing; Motion and Devices; Controlling 
Motion; Horological; Mining; Mill and Factory Appliances; Construction and Devices; 
Drafting Devices: Miscellaneous Devices, etc. 12th edition. 400 octavo pages. Price $2.50 

MACHINE SHOP TOOLS AND SHOP PRACTICE. By W. H. Vandervoort. 

A work of 555 pages and 673 illustrations, describing in every detail the construction, operation, 
and manipulation of both hand and machine tools. Includes chapters on filing, fitting, and 
scraping surfaces; on drills, reamers, taps, and dies; the lathe and its tools; planers, shapers, 
and their tools: milling machines and cutters; gear cutters and gear cutting; drilling machines 
and drill work; grinding machines and their work; hardening and tempering; gearing, belting 
and transmission machinery: useful data and tables. 6th edition. Price . . . , $3.00 

THE MODERN MACHINIST. By John T. Usher. 

This is a book showing, by plain description and by profuse engravings, made expressly for 
the work, all that is best, most advanced, and of the highest efficiency in modern machine 
shop practice, tools, and implements, showing the way by which and through which, as Mr. 
Maxim says, “American machinists have become and are the finest mechanics in the world.” 
Indicating as it does, in every line, the familiarity of the author with every detail of daily 
experience in the shop, it cannot fail to be of service to any man nractically connected with 
the shaping or finishing of metals. 

There is nothing experimental or visionary about the book, all devices being in actual use 
and giving good results. It might be called a compendium of shop methods, showing a vari¬ 
ety of special tools and appliances which will give new ideas to many mechanics, from the 
superintendent down to the man at the bench. It will be found a valuable addition to any 
machinist’s library, and should be consulted whenever a new or difficult job is to be done, 
whether it is boring, milling, turning, or planing, as they are all treated in a practical manner. 
Fifth Edition. 320 pages. 250 illustrations. Price ... . $2.50 

MODERN MILLING MACHINES: THEIR DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERA¬ 
TION. By Joseph G. Horner. 

This book describes and illustrates the Milling Machine and its work in such a plain, clear, 
and forceful manner, and illustrates the subject so clearly and completely, that the up-to-date 
machinist, student, or mechanical engineer cannot afford to do without the valuable infor¬ 
mation which it contains. It describes not only the early machines of this class, but notes 
their gradual development into the splendid machines of the present day, giving the design 
and construction of the various types, forms, and special features produced by prominent 
manufacturers, American and foreign. 

Milling cutters in all their development and modernized forms are illustrated and described, 
and the operations they are capable of producing upon different classes of work are carefully 
described in detail, and the speeds and feeds necessary are discussed, and valuable and useful 
data given for determining these usually perplexing problems. The book is the most compre¬ 
hensive work published on the subject. 304 pages. 300 illustrations. Price . . $4.00 

“ SHOP KINKS.” By Robert Grimshaw. 

A book of 400 pages and 222 illustrations, being entirely different frorfi any other book on 
machine shop practice. Departing from conventional style, the author avoids universal or 
common shop usage and limits his w T ork to showing special ways of doing things better, more 
cheaply and more rapidly than usual. As a result the advanced methods of representative 
establishments of the world are placed at the disposal of the reader. This book shows the 
proprietor where large savings are possible, and how products may be improved. io the 
employee it holds out suggestions that, properly applied, will hasten his advancement. No 
shop can afford to be without it. It bristles with valuable wrinkles and helpful suggestions. 
It will benefit all, from apprentice to proprietor. Every machinist, at any age, should study 
its pages. Fifth Edison. Price.«.. $2.50 


21 







CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


THREADS AND THREAD CUTTING. By Colvin and Stabel. 

This clears up many of the mysteries of thread-cutting, such as double and triple threads, 
internal threads, catching threads, use of hobs, etc. Contains a lot of useful hints and several 
tables. 3rd Edition. Price. 26 cents 

TOOLS FOR MACHINISTS AND WOOD WORKERS, INCLUDING INSTRUMENTS 
OF MEASUREMENT. By Joseph G. Horner. 

The principles upon which cutting tools for wood, metal, and other substances are made are 
identical, whether used by the machinist, the carpenter, or by any other skilled mechanic in 
their daily work, and the object of this book is to give a correct and practical description of 
these tools as they are commonly designed, constructed, and used. 340 pages, fully illustrated. 
Price. $3.50 


MANUAL TRAINING 


ECONOMICS OF MANUAL TRAINING. By Louis Rouillion. 

The only book published that gives just the information needed by all interested in Manual 
Training, regarding Buildings, Equipment, and Supplies. Shows exactly what is needed for 
all grades of the work from the Kindergarten to the High and Normal School. Gives item¬ 
ized lists of everything used in Manual Training Work and tells just what it ought to cost. 
Also shows where to buy supplies, etc. Contains 174 pages, and is fully illustrated. 
2nd Edition. Price. $1.50 


MARINE ENGINEERING 


MARINE ENGINES AND BOILERS, THEIR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION. By 

Dr. G. Bauer, Leslie S. Robertson, and S. Bryan Donkin. 


m the words of Dr. Bauer, the present work owes its origin to an oft felt want of a Condensed 
Treatise, embodying the Theoretical and Practical Rules used in Designing Marine Engines 
and Boilers. The need for such a work has been felt by most engineers engaged in the con¬ 
struction and working of Marine Engines, not only by the younger men, but also by those of 
greater experience. The fact that the original German work was written by the chief engineer 
of the famous Vulcan Works, Stettin, is in itself a guarantee that this book is in all respects 
thoroughly up-to-date, and that it embodies all the information which is necessary for the 
design and construction of the highest types of marine engines and boilers. It may be said, 
that the motive power which Dr. Bauer has placed in the fast German liners that have been 
turned out of late years from the Stettin Works, represent the very best practice in marine 
engineering of the present day. 

This work is clearly written, thoroughly systematic, theoretically sound; while the character 
of its plans, drawings, tables, and statistics is without reproach. The illustrations are care¬ 
ful reproductions from actual working drawings, with some well-executed photographic views 
of completed engines and boilers. 744 pages. 550 illustrations and numerous tables. 

$9.00 net 


MODERN SUBMARINE CHART. 


A cross-section view, showing clearly and distinctly all the interior of a Submarine of the 
latest type. You get more information from this chart, about the construction and operation 
of a Submarine, than in any other way. No Details omitted—everything is accurate and to 
scale. It is absolutely correct in every detail, having been approved by Naval Engineers. 
All the machinery and devices fitted in a modern Submarine Boat are shown and to make the 
engraving more readily understood all the features are shown in operative form with Officers 
and Men in the act of performing the duties assigned to them in service conditions. This 
CHART IS REALLY AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OP A SUBMARINE. It is educational 
and worth many times its cost. Mailed in a Tube for. 25 cents 


MINING 


ORE DEPOSITS, WITH A CHAPTER ON HINTS TO PROSPECTORS. By J. P. 

Johnson 

This book gives a condensed account of the ore-deposits at present known in South Africa. 
It is also intended as a guide to the prospector. Only an elementary knowledge of geology 
and some mining experience are necessary in order to understand this work. With these 
qualifications, it will materially assist one in his search for metalliferous mineral occurrences 


22 
















CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


and, so far as simple ores are concerned, should enable one to form some idea of the possi¬ 
bilities of any he may find. 

Among the chapters given are: Titaniferous and Chromiferous Iron Oxides—Nickel—Cop¬ 
per—cobalt—fin—.Molybdenum—Tungsten—Lead—.Mercury—Antimony—Iron—Hints to 
Prospectors. $2.00 

PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINING. By T. H. Bybom. 

A practical work for the use of all preparing for examinations in mining or qualifying for 
colliery managers’ certificates. The aim of the author in this excellent book is to place clearly 
before the reader useful and authoritative data which will render him valuable assistance in 
his studies. The only work of its kind published. The information incorporated in it will 
prove of the greatest practical utility to students, mining engineers, colliery managers, and 
all others who are specially interested in the present-day treatment of mining problems. 
Among its contents are chapters on: The Atmosphere; Laws Relating to the Behavior of 
Gases; The Diffusion of Gases; Composition of the Atmosphere: Sundry Constituents of the 
Atmosphere; Mater; Carbon; Fire-Damp; Combustion; Coal Dust and Its Action; Ex¬ 
plosives; Composition of Various Coals and Fuels; Methods of Analysis of Coal; Strata Ad¬ 
joining the Coal Measures; Magnetism and Electricity; Appendix; Useful Tables, etc ; 
Miscellaneous Questions. 160 pages. Illustrated. $2.00 

PRACTICAL COAL MINING. By T. H. Cockin. 

An important work, containing 42S pages and 213 illustrations, complete with practical de¬ 
tails, which will intuitively impart to the reader, not only a general knowledge of the princi¬ 
ples of coal mining, but also considerable insight into allied subjects. This treatise is posi¬ 
tively up to date in every instance, and should be in the hands of every colliery engineer, 
geologist, mine operator, superintendent, foreman, and all others who are interested in or 
connected with the industry. 2nd Edition. $2.50 

PATTERN MAKING 


PRACTICAL PATTERN MAKING. By F. W. Barrows. 

This is a very complete and entirely practical treatise on the subject of pattern making, illus¬ 
trating pattern work in wood and metal. From its pages you are taught just what you should 
know about pattern making. It contains a detailed description of the materials used by 
pattern makers, also the tools, both those for hand use, and the more interesting machine 
tools; having complete chapters on the band saw, The Buzz Saw, and the Lathe. Individual 
patterns of many different kinds are fully illustrated and described, and the mounting of 
metal patterns on plates for molding machines is included. 

Rules. Formulas and Tables are included, containing simple and original methods for finding 
the weight of castings, both from the pattern itself and from the drawings. This section 
contains some new and practical formulas, which will be foimd very useful in estimating 
weights, with the accuracy required for quotations to prospective customers. Ah of these 
rides are simple, and can be put to practical use by the ordinary, every-day man, and they 
have been proved by years of actual use. 

Plain rules for keeping down the cost of patterns, with a complete system for checking the 
cost of and marking the patterns, and a card record showing what the pattern is, material 
used, where located in safe, with its cost and date of production, is included. The book closes 
with an original and practical method for the inventory and valuation of patterns. Con- 
:aining 326 pages and 150 detailed Illustrations. Price. $2.00 


PERFUMERY 


HENLEY’S TWENTIETH CENTURY BOOK OF RECEIPTS, FORMULAS AND PRO¬ 
CESSES. Edited by G. D. Hiscox. 

The most valuable Techno-chemical Receipt Book published. Contains over 10,000 practical 
receipts, many of which will prove of special value to the perfumer, a mine of information, up- 
to-date in every respect. Price, Cloth, $3.00; half morocco. $4.00 

PERFUMES AND THEIR PREPARATION. By G. W. Askinson, Perfumer. 

A comprehensive treatise, in which there has been nothing omitted that could be of value 
to the Perfumer. Complete directions for making handkerchief perfumes, smelling-salts, 
sachets, fumigating pastilles: preparations for the care of the skin, the mouth, the hair, cos¬ 
metics, hair dyes and other toilet articles are given, also a detailed description of aromatic 
suostances: their nature, tests of purity, and wholesale manufacture. A book of general, 
as well as professional interest, meeting the wants not only of the druggist and perfume man¬ 
ufacturer, but also of the general public. Third edition, 312 pages. Illustrated. . $3.00 


23 














CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


PLUMBING 


MECHANICAL DRAWING FOR PLUMBERS. By R. M. Staebuck. 

A concise, comprehensive and practical treatise on the subject of mechanical drawing in its 
various modern applications to the work of all who are in any way connected with the 
plumbing trade. Nothing will so help the plumber in estimating and in explaining work to 
customers and workmen as a knowledge of drawing, and to the workman it is of inestimable 
value if he is to rise above his position to positions of greater responsibility. Among the 
chapters contained are: 1. Value to plumber of knowledge of drawing; tools required 
and their use; common views needed in mechanical drawing. 2. Perspective versus mechan¬ 
ical drawing in showing plumbing construction. 3. Correct and incorrect methods in 
plumbing drawing; plan and elevation explained. 3. Floor and cellar plans and elevation; 
scale drawings; use of triangles. 5. Use of triangles; drawing of fittings, traps, etc. 6. 
Drawing plumbing elevations and fittings. 7. Instructions in drawing plumbing elevations. 
8. The drawing of plumbing fixtures; scale drawings. 9. Drawing of fixtures and fittings. 
10. Inking of drawings. 11. Shading of drawings. 12. Shading of drawings. 13. Sec¬ 
tional drawings; drawing of threads. 14. Plumbing elevations from architect’s plan. 
15. Elevations of separate parts of the plumbing system. 16. Elevations from architect’s 
plans. 17. Drawing of detail plumbing connections. 18. Architect’s plans and plumbing 
elevations of residence. 19. Plumbing elevations of residence (continued); plumbing plans 
for cottage. 20. Plumbing elevations; roof connections. 21. Plans and plumbing eleva¬ 
tions for six-flat building. 22. Drawing of various parts of the plumbing system; use of 
scales. 23. Use of architect’s scales. 24. Special features in the illustrations of country 
plumbing. 25. Drawing of wrought iron piping, valves, radiators, coils, etc. 26. Drawing 
of piping to illustrate heating systems. 150 illustrations. Price.. $1.50 

MODERN PLUMBING ILLUSTRATED. By R. M. Staebuck. 

This book represents the highest standard of plumbing work. It has been adopted and used 
as a reference book by the United States Government, in its sanitary work in Cuba, Porto 
Rico, and the Philippines, and by the principal Boards of Health of the United States and 
Canada. 

It gives connections, sizes and working data for all fixtures and groups of fixtures. It is 
helpful to the master plumber in demonstrating to his customers and in figuring work. It 
gives the mechanic and student quick and easy access to the best modern plumbing practice. 
Suggestions for estimating plumbing construction are contained in its pages. This book 
represents, in a word, the latest and best up-to-date practice, and should be in the hands of 
every architect, sanitary engineer and plumber who wishes to keep himself up to the minute 
on this important feature of construction. Contains following chapters, each illustrated 
with a full-page plate: Kitchen sink, laundry tubs, vegetable wash sink; lavatories, 
pantry sinks, contents of marble slabs; bath tub, foot and sitz bath, shower bath; water 
closets, venting of water closets; low-down water closets, water closets operated by flush 
valves, water closet range; slop sink, urinals, the bidet; hotel and restaurant sink, grease 
trap; refrigerators, safe wastes, laundry waste; lines of refrigerators, bar sinks, soda foun¬ 
tain sinks; horse stall, frost-proof water closets; connections for S traps, venting; con¬ 
nections for drum traps; soil pipe connections; supporting of soil pipe; main trap and 
fresh air inlet; floor drains and cellar drains, subsoil drainage; water closets and floor 
connections; local venting; connections for bath rooms; connections for bath rooms, con¬ 
tinued; connections for bath rooms, continued; connections for bath rooms, continued; 
examples of poor practice; roughing-work ready for test; testing of plumbing system; 
method of continuous venting; continuous venting for two-floor work; continuous venting 
for two lines of fixtures on three or more floors; continuous venting of water closets; plumb¬ 
ing for cottage house; construction for cellar piping; plumbing for residence, use of special 
fittings; plumbing for two-flat house; plumbing for apartment building; plumbing for 
double apartment building; plumbing for office building; plumbing for public toilet rooms; 
plumbing for public toilet rooms', continued; plumbing for bath establishment; plumbing 
for engine house, factory plumbing; automatic flushing for schools, factories, etc.; use of 
flushing valves; urinals for public toilet rooms; the Durham system, the destruction of 
pipes by electrolysis; construction of work without use of lead; Automatic sewage lift, 
automatic sump tank; country plumbing; construction of cesspools; septic tank and auto¬ 
matic sewage siphon; country plumbing; water supply for country house; thawing of 
water mains and service by electricity; double boilers; hot water supply of large build¬ 
ings ; automatic control of hot water tank; suggestions for estimating plumbing construc¬ 
tion. 400 octavo pages, fully illustrated by 55 full-page engravings. Price . $4.00 

STANDARD PRACTICAL PLUMBING. By R. M. Staebuck. 

A complete practical treatise of 450 pages covering the subject of Modern Plumbing 
in all its branches, a large amount of space being devoted to a very complete and practical 
treatment of the subject of Hot Water Supply and Circulation and Range Boiler Work. 
Its thirty chapters include about every phase of the subject one can t hink of, ma king it 


24 








CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


an indispensable work to the master plumber, the journeyman plumber, and the apprentice 
plumber, containing chapters on: the plumber’s tools; wiping solder, composition and use; 
joint wiping; lead work; traps; siphonage of traps; venting; continuous venting; house 
sewer and sewer connections; house drain; soil piping, roughing; main trap and fresh air 
inlet; floor, yard, cellar drains, rain leaders, etc.; fixture wastes; water closets; ventilation; 
improved plumbing connections; residence plumbing; plumbing for hotels, schools, fac¬ 
tories, stables, etc.; modern country plumbing; filtration of sewage and water supply; 
hot and cold supply; range boilers; circulation; circulating pipes; range boiler problems; 
hot water for large buildings; water lift and its use; multiple connections for hot water 
boilers; heating of radiation by supply system; theory for the plumber; drawing for the 
plumber. Fully illustrated by 347 engravings. Price'. $3.00 


RECEIPT BOOK 


HENLEY’S TWENTIETH CENTURY BOOK OF RECEIPTS, FORMULAS AND PRO¬ 
CESSES. Edited by Gardner D. Hiscox. 

The most valuable Techno-chemical Receipt Book published, including over 10,000 selected 
scientific, chemical, technological, and practical receipts and processes. 

This is the most complete Book of Receipts ever published, giving thousands of receipts for 
the manufacturer of valuable articles for everyday use. Hints, Helps, Practical Ideas, and 
Secret Processes are revealed within its pages. It covers every branch of the useful arts and 
tells thousands of ways of making money and is just the book everyone should have at his 
command. 

Modern in its treatment of every subject that properly falls within its scope, the book may 
truthfully be said to present the very latest formulas to be found in the arts and industries 
and to retain those processes which long experience has proven worthy of a permanent record, 
To present here even a limited number of the subjects which find a place in this valuable 
work would be difficult. Suffice to say that in its pages will be found matter of intense in¬ 
terest and immeasurable practical value to the scientific amateur and to him who wishes to 
obtain a knowledge of the many processes used in the arts, trades and manufactures, a 
knowledge which will render his pursuits moro instructive and remunerative. Serving as a 
reference book to the small and large manufacturer and suppplying intelligent seekers with 
the information necessary to conduct a process, the work will be found of inestimable worth 
to the Metallurgist, the Photographer, the Perfumer, the Painter, the Manufacturer of 
Glues, Pastes, Cements, and Mucilages, the Compounder of Alloys, the Cook, the Physician, 
the Druggist, the Electrician, the Brewer, the Engineer, the Foundryman, the Machinist, 
the Potter, the Tanner, the Confectioner, the Chiropodist, the Manicure. the Manufacturer 
of Chemical Novelties and Toilet Preparations, the Dyer, the Electroplater, the Enameler, 
the Engraver, the Provisioner, the Glass Vorker, the Goldbeater, the Watchmaker, the Jew¬ 
eler, the Hat Maker, the Ink Manufacturer, the Optician, the Farmer, the Dairyman, the 
Paper Maker, the Wood and Metal Worker, the Chandler and Soap Maker, the Veterinary 
Surgeon, and the Technologist in general. 

A mine of information, and up-to-date in every respect. A book which will prove of value 
to EVERYONE, as it covers every branch of the Useful Arts. 800 pages. Price $3.00 

WHAT IS SAID OF THIS BOOK: 


“ Your Twentieth Century Book of Receipts, Formulas and Processes duly received. I am 
glad to have a copy of it, and if I could not replace it money couldn’t buy it. It is the best 
thing of the sort I ever saw.” (Signed) M. E. Trux, 

Soarta, Wis. 

- There are few persons who would not be able to find in the book some single formula that 
would repay several times the cost of the book.”— Merchant’s Record and Show Window. 


RUBBER 


RUBBER HAND STAMPS AND THE MANIPULATION OF INDIA RUBBER. By 

T. O’Conor Sloane. 

This book gives full details on all points, treating in a concise and simple manner the elements 
of nearly everything it is necessary to understand for a commencement in any branch of the 
India Rubber Manufacture. The making of all kinds of Rubber Hand Stamps, Small Articles 
of India Rubber, U. S. Government Composition, Dating Hand Stamps, the Manipulation 
of Sheet Rubber, Toy Balloons, India Rubber Solutions, Cements, Blackings, Renovating 

25 











CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


Varnish, and Treatment for India Rubber Shoes, etc.; the Hektograph Stamp Inks, and 
Miscellaneous Notes, with a Short Account of the Discovery, Collection, and Manufacture of 
India Rubber are set forth in a manner designed to be readily understood, the explanations 
being plain and simple. Including a chapter on Rubber Tire Making and Vulcanizing; also a 
chapter on the uses of rubber in Surgery and Dentistry. Third revised and enlarged edition 
175 pages. Illustrated. $1.00 


SAWS 


SAW FILINGS AND MANAGEMENT OF SAWS. By Robert Grimshaw. 


A practical hand book on filing, gumming, swaging, hammering, and the brazing of band saws, 
the speed, work, and power to run circular saws, etc. A handy book for those who have charge 
of saws, or for those mechanics who do their own filing, as it deals with the proper shape and 
pitches of saw teeth of all kinds and gives many useful hints and rules for gumming, setting, 
and filing, and is a practical aid to those who use saws for any purpose. New edition, revised, 
and enlarged. Illustrated. Price. $1.00 


STEAM ENGINEERING 


AMERICAN STATIONARY ENGINEERING. By W. E. Crane. 

This book begins at the boiler room and takes in the whole power plant. A plain talk on 
every-day work about engines, boilers, and their accessories. It is not intended to be scien¬ 
tific or mathematical. All formulas are in simple form so that any one imderstanding plain 
arithmetic can readily understand any of them. The author has made this the most prac¬ 
tical book in print; has given the results of his years of experience, and has included about 
all that has to do with an engine room or a power plant. You are not left to guess at a single 
point. You are shown clearly what to expect under the various conditions; how to secure 
the best results; ways of preventing “shut downs” and repairs; in short, all that goes to 
make up the requirements of a good engineer, capable of taking charge of a plant. It’s plain 
enough for practical men and yet of value to those high in the profession. 

\ partial list of contents is: The boiler room, cleaning boilers, firing, feeding; pumps; 
uspection and repair; chimneys, sizes and cost; piping; mason work; foundations; testing 
cement; pile driving; engines, slow and high speed; valves; valve setting; Corliss engines, 
setting valves, single and double eccentric; air pumps and condensers; different types of 
condensers; water needed; lining up; pounds; pins not square in crosshead or crank; 
engineers’tools; pistons and piston rings; bearing metal; hardened copper; drip pipes from 
cylinder jackets; belts, how made, care of; oils; greases; testing lubricants; rules and 
tables, including steam tables; areas of segments; squares and square root; cubes and cube 
root; areas and circumferences of circles. Notes on: Brick work; explosions; pumps; 
pump valves; heaters, economizers; safety valves; lap, lead, and clearance. Has a complete 
examination for a license, etc., etc. Second edition. 285 pages. Illustrated. Price . $2.00 

EMINENT ENGINEERS. By Dwight Goddard. 

Everyone who appreciates the effect of such great inventions as the Steam Engine, Steamboat, 
Locomotive, Sewing Machine, Steel Working, and other fundamental discoveries, is interested 
in knowing a little about the men who made them and their achievements. 

Mr. Goddard has selected thirty-two of the world’s engineers who have contributed most 
largely to the advancement of our civilization by mechanical means, giving only such facts as 
are of general interest and in a way which appeals to all, whether mechanics or not. 28C 
pages. 35 illustrations. Price. $1.5G 

ENGINE RUNNER’S CATECHISM. By Robert Grimshaw. 

A practical treatise for the stationary engineer, telling how to erect, adjust and run the prin¬ 
cipal steam engines in use in the United States. Describing the principal features of various 
special and well-known makes of engines: Temper Cut-off, Shipping and Receiving Founda¬ 
tions, Erecting and Starting, Valve Setting, Care and Use, Emergencies, Erecting and Ad¬ 
justing Special Engines. 

The questions asked throughout the catechism are plain and to the point, and the answers 
are given in such simple language as to be readily understood by anyone. All the instructions 
given are complete and up-to-date; and they are written in a popular style, without any 
technicalities or mathematical formulae. The work is of a handy size for the pocket, clearly 
and well printed, nicely bound, and profusely illustrated. To young engineers this cateehism 

26 











CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


will be of great value., especially to those whu may be preparing to go forward to be examined 
for certifi ates of competency; and to engineers generally it will be of no little service, as they 
will find in this volume more really practical and useful information than is to be found any¬ 
where else within a like compass. 387 pages. Seventh edition. Price .... $2.00 

ENGINE TESTS AND BOILER EFFICIENCIES. By J. Buchetti. 

This work fully describes and illustrates the method of testing the power of steam engines, 
turbines and explosive motors. The properties of steam and the evaporative power of fuels. 
Combustion of fuel and chimney draft; with formulas explained or practically computed 
255 pages, 179 illustrations.$3.00 

HORSEPOWER CHART. 

Shows the horsepower of any stationary engine without calculation. No matter what the 
cylinder diameter of stroke; the steam pressure or cut off; the revolutions, or whether con¬ 
densing or non-condensing, it’s all there. Easy to use, accurate, and saves time and calcu¬ 
lations. Especially useful to engineers and designers. . 50 cents 

MODERN STEAM ENGINEERING IN THEORY AND PRACTICE. By Gardner 
D. Hiscox. 

This is a complete and practical work issued for Stationary Engineers and firemen dealing 
with the care and management of boilers, engines, pumps, superheated steam, refrigerating 
mac hin ery, dynamos, motors, elevators, air compressors, and all other branches with which 
the modern engineer must be familiar. Nearly 200 questions with their answers on steam 
and electrical engineering, likely to be asked by the Examining Board, are included. 
Among the chapters are; Historical; steam and its properties; appliances for the genera¬ 
tion of steam; types of boilers; chimney and its work; heat economy of the feed water; 
steam pumps and their work; incrustation and its work; steam above atmospheric pressure; 
flow of steam from nozzles; superheated steam and its work; adiabatic expansion of steam; 
indicator and its work; steam engine proportions; slide valve engines and valve motion; 
Corliss engine and its valve gear; compound engine and its theory; triple and multiple 
expansion engine, steam turbine; refrigeration; elevators and their management; cost 
of power; steam engine troubles; electric power and electric plants. 487 pages. 405 en¬ 
gravings. Price. $3.00 

STEAM ENGINE CATECHISM. By Robert Grimshaw. 

This unique volume of 413 pages is not only a catechism on the question and answer princi¬ 
ple; but it contains formulas and worked-oiit answers for all the Steam problems that apper¬ 
tain to the operation and management of the Steam Engine. Illustrations of various valves 
and valve gear with their principles of operation are given. Thirty-four Tables that are 
indispensable to every engineer and fireman that wishes to be progressive and is ambitious to 
become master of his calling are within its pages. It is a most valuable instructor in the 
service of Steam Engineering. Leading engineers have recommended it as a valuable educa¬ 
tor for the beginner as well as a reference book for the engineer. It is thoroughly indexed 
for every detail. Every essential question on the Steam Engine with its answer is contained 
in this valuable work. Sixteenth edition. Price. $2.00 

STEAM ENGINEER’S ARITHMETIC. By Colvin-Cheney. 

A practical pocket book for the steam engineer. Shows how to work the problems of the 
engine room and shows “why.” Tells how to figure horse-power of engines and boilers; area 
of boilers; has tables of areas and circumferences; steam tables; has a dictionary of engineering 
terms. Puts you on to all all of the little kinks in figuring whatever there is to figure around 
a power plant. Tells you about the heat unit; absolute zero; adiabatic expansion; duty oi 
engines; factor of safety; and 1,001 other things; and everything is plain and simple—not 
the hardest way to figure, but the easiest. 2nd Edition.50 cents 


STEAM HEATING AND VENTILATION 


PRACTICAL STEAM, HOT-WATER HEATING AND VENTILATION. By A. G. 

King. 

This book is the standard and latest work published on the subject and has been prepared for 
the use of all engaged in the business of steam, hot water heating, and ventilation. It is an 
original and exhaustive work. Tells how to get heating contracts, how to install heating and 
Yentilating apparatus, the best business methods to be used, with “Tricks of the Trade” for 


*7 













CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


shop use. Rules and data for estimating radiation and cost and such tables and information 
as make it an indispensable work for everyone interested in steam, hot water heating, and venti¬ 
lation. It describes all the principal systems of steam, hot water, vacuum, vapor, and vacuum- 
vapor heating, together with the new accelerated systems of hot water circulation, including 
chapters on up-to-date methods of ventilation and the fan or blower system of heating and 
ventilation. Containing chapters on: I. Introduction. II. Heat. III. Evolution of 
artificial heating apparatus. IV. Boiler surface and settings. V. The chimney flue. VI. 
Pipe and fittings. VII. Valves, various kinds. VIII. Forms of radiating surfaces. IX. 
Locating of radiating surfaces. X. Estimating radiation. XI. Steam-heating apparatus. 
XII. Exhaust-steam heating. XIII. Hot-water heating. XIV. Pressure systems of hot- 
water work. XV. Hot-water appliances. XVI. Greenhouse heating. XVII. Vacuum 
^apor and vacuum exhaust heating. XVIII. Miscellaneous heating. XIX. Radiator and 
pipe connections. XX. Ventilation. XXI. Mechanical ventilation and hot-blast heating. 
XXII. Steam appliances. XXIII. District heating. XXIV. Pipe and boiler covering. 
XXV. Temperature regulation and heat control. XXVI. Business methods. XXVII. 
Miscellaneous. XXVIII. Rules, tables and useful information. 367 pages. 300 detailed 
engravings. Price.$3.00 


STEAM PIPES 


STEAM PIPES: THEIR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION. By Wm. H. Booth. 

The work is well illustrated in regard to pipe joints, expansion offsets, flexible joints, and 
self-contained sliding joints for taking up the expansion of long pipes. In fact, the chapters 
on the flow of steam and expansion of pipes are most valuable to all steam fitters and users. 
The pressure strength of pipes and method of hanging them are well treated and illustrated. 
Valves and by-passes are fully illustrated and described, as are also flange joints and their 
proper proportions, exhaust heads and separators. One of the most valuable chanters is that 
on superheated steam and the saving of steam by insulation with the various kinds of felt¬ 
ing and other materials with comparison tables of the loss of heat in thermal units from naked 
and felted steam pipes. Contains 187 pages. Price.$2.00 


STEEL 


AMERICAN STEEL WORKER. By E. R. Markham. 

This book tells how to select, and how to work, temper, harden, and anneal steel for everything 
on earth. It doesn’t tell how to temper one class of tools and then leave the treatment of 
another kind of tool to your imagination and judgment, but it gives careful instructions for 
every detail of every tool, whether it be a tap, a reamer or just a screw-driver. It tells about 
the tempering of small watch springs, the hardening of cutlery, and the annealing of dies. In 
fact there isn’t a thing that a steel worker would want to know that isn’t included. It is the 
standard book on selecting, hardening, and tempering all grades of steel. Among the 
chapter headings might be mentioned the following subjects: Introduction; the workman; 
steel; methods of heating; heating tool steel; forging; annealing; hardening baths; baths 
for hardening; hardening steel; drawing the temper after hardening; examples of hard¬ 
ening; pack hardening; case hardening; spring tempering; making tools of machine steel; 
special steels; steel for various tools; causes of trouble; high speed steels, etc. 366 pages. 
Very fully illustrated. 3rd Edition. Price.$2.50 

HARDENING, TEMPERING, ANNEALING, AND FORGING OF STEEL. By J. V. 

Woodworth. 

A new work treating in a clear, concise manner all modern processes for the heating, annealing 
forging, welding, hardening, and tempering of steel, making it a book of great practical value 
to the metal-working mechanic in general, with special directions for the successful hardening 
and tempering of all steel tools used in the arts, including milling cutters, taps, thread dies 
reamers, both solid and shell, hollow mills, punches and dies, and all kinds of sheet metal 
working tools, shear blades, saws, fine cutlery, and metal cutting tools of all description as 
well as for all implements of steel both large and small. In this work the simplest and most 
satisfactory hardening and tempering processes are given. 

The uses to which the leading brands of steel may be adapted are concisely presented and their 
treatment for working under different conditions explained, also the special methods for the 
hardening and tempering of special brands. 

A chapter devoted to the different processes for Case-hardening is also included and special 
reference made to the adoption of machinery steel for tools of various kinds. 4th Edition. 288 
pages. 201 Illustrations. Price. $2 50 


28 














CATALOGUE OF GOOD, PRACTICAL BOOKS 


TURBINES 


MARINE STEAM TURBINES. By Dr. G. Bauer and 0. Lasche. Assisted by 
E. Ludwig and H. Vogel. Translated from the German and edited by M. G. S. 
Swallow. 

This work forms a supplementary volume to the book entitled “Marine Engines and Boilers.” 
The authors of this book, Dr. G. Bauer and O. Lasche, may be regarded as the leading 
authorities on turbine construction. 

The book is essentially practical and discusses turbines in which the full expansion of steam 
passes through a number of separate turbines arranged for driving two or more shafts, as 
in the Parsons system, and turbines in which the complete expansion of steam from inlet 
to exhaust pressure occurs in a turbine on one shaft, as in the case of the Curtis machines. 
It will enable a designer to carry out all the ordinary calculations necessary for the con¬ 
struction of steam turbines, hence it fills a want which is hardly met by larger and more 
theoretical works. 

Numerous tables, curves and diagrams will be found, which explain with remarkable lucidity 
the reason why turbine blades are designed as they are, the course which steam takes through 
turbines of various types, the thermodynamics of steam turbine calculation, the influence 
of vacuum on steam consumption of steam turbines, etc. In a word, the very information 
which a designer and builder of steam turbines most requires. The book is divided into 
parts as follows: 1. Introduction. 2. General remarks on the design of a turbine installa¬ 
tion. 3. The calculation of steam turbines. 4. Turbine design. 5. Shafting and pro¬ 
pellers. 6. Condensing plant. 7. Arrangement of turbines. 8. General remarks on the 
arrangement of steam turbines in steamers. 9. Turbine-driven auxiliaries. 10. Tables. 
Large octavo. 214 pages. Fully illustrated and containing 18 tables. Including an entropy 
chart. Price, net,. $3.60 


WATCH MAKING 


WATCHMAKER’S HANDBOOK. By Claudius Saunier. 

This famous work has now reached its seventh edition and there is no work issued that can 
compare to it for clearness and completeness. It contains 498 pages and is intended as a 
workshop companion for those engaged in Watch-making and allied Mechanical Arts. Nearly 
250 engravings and fourteen plates are included. Price ... .... $3.00 


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